Definition of cations. Meaning of cations. Synonyms of cations

Here you will find one or more explanations in English for the word cations. Also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word cations and, of course, cations synonyms and on the right images related to the word cations.

Definition of cations

cations
Ion I"on, n. 1. One of the electrified particles into which, according to the electrolytic dissociation theory, the molecules of electrolytes are divided by water and other solvents. An ion consists of one or more atoms and carries a unit charge of electricity, 3.4 x 10^-10 electrostatic units, or a multiple of this. Those which are positively electrified (hydrogen and the metals) are called cations; negative ions (hydroxyl and acidic atoms or groups) are called anions. Note: Thus, hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates, in aqueous solution, into the hydrogen ion, H^+, and the chlorine ion, Cl^-; ferric nitrate, Fe(NO3)3, yields the ferric ion, Fe^+++, and nitrate ions, NO3^-, NO3^-, NO3^-. When a solution containing ions is made part of an electric circuit, the cations move toward the cathode, the anions toward the anode. This movement is called migration, and the velocity of it differs for different kinds of ions. If the electromotive force is sufficient, electrolysis ensues: cations give up their charge at the cathode and separate in metallic form or decompose water, forming hydrogen and alkali; similarly, at the anode the element of the anion separates, or the metal of the anode is dissolved, or decomposition occurs. 2. One of the small electrified particles into which the molecules of a gas are broken up under the action of the electric current, of ultraviolet and certain other rays, and of high temperatures. To the properties and behavior of ions the phenomena of the electric discharge through rarefied gases and many other important effects are ascribed. At low pressures the negative ions appear to be electrons; the positive ions, atoms minus an electron. At ordinary pressures each ion seems to include also a number of attached molecules. Ions may be formed in a gas in various ways.
Cation
Cation Cat"i*on, n. [Gr. ? downward + ? going, p. pr. of ? to go.] (Chem.) An electro-positive substance, which in electro-decomposition is evolved at the cathode; -- opposed to anion. --Faraday.

Meaning of cations from wikipedia

- locations within that molecule. Cations and anions are measured by their ionic radius and they differ in relative size: "Cations are small, most of them less...
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- (NH+4) and the primary, secondary, or tertiary ammonium cations, the quaternary ammonium cations are permanently charged, independent of the pH of their...
- Cation-cation interactions often occur between molecular cations of transition metals and f-elements (so-called yl cations). They are distinguished as...
- Vinyl cations have long been poorly-understood and were initially thought to be too high energy to form as reactive intermediates. Vinyl cations were first...
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- stibonium cations, R4Sb+ or SbR+4 tetraphenylstibonium, (C6H5)4Sb+ primary oxonium cations, ROH+2 (protonated alcohols R−O−H) alkyloxonium cations ROH+2 (protonated...
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- ethers strongly bind certain cations, forming complexes. The oxygen atoms are well situated to coordinate with a cation located at the interior of the...