Definition of carbon monoxide. Meaning of carbon monoxide. Synonyms of carbon monoxide
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Definition of carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide Carbon Car"bon (k[aum]r"b[o^]n), n. [F. carbone, fr. L. carbo
coal; cf. Skr. [,c]r[=a] to cook.] (Chem.)
An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is
present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol
C. it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and
charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure
crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of
known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the
octahedron, etc. Another modification is graphite, or
blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal
prisms or tables. When united with oxygen it forms carbon
dioxide, commonly called carbonic acid, or carbonic oxide,
according to the proportions of the oxygen; when united with
hydrogen, it forms various compounds called hydrocarbons.
Compare Diamond, and Graphite.
Carbon compounds, Compounds of carbon (Chem.), those
compounds consisting largely of carbon, commonly produced
by animals and plants, and hence called organic compounds,
though their synthesis may be effected in many cases in
the laboratory.
The formation of the compounds of carbon is not
dependent upon the life process. --I. Remsen
Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide. (Chem.) See under
Carbonic.
Carbon light (Elec.), an extremely brilliant electric light
produced by passing a galvanic current through two carbon
points kept constantly with their apexes neary in contact.
Carbon point (Elec.), a small cylinder or bit of gas carbon
moved forward by clockwork so that, as it is burned away
by the electric current, it shall constantly maintain its
proper relation to the opposing point.
Carbon tissue, paper coated with gelatine and pigment, used
in the autotype process of photography. --Abney.
Gas carbon, a compact variety of carbon obtained as an
incrustation on the interior of gas retorts, and used for
the manufacture of the carbon rods of pencils for the
voltaic, arc, and for the plates of voltaic batteries,
etc.
carbon monoxide Carbonic Car*bon"ic, a. [Cf. F. carbonique. See Carbon.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, carbon; as, carbonic
oxide.
Carbonic acid (Chem.), an acid H2CO3, not existing
separately, which, combined with positive or basic atoms
or radicals, forms carbonates. In common language the term
is very generally applied to a compound of carbon and
oxygen, CO2, more correctly called carbon dioxide. It
is a colorless, heavy, irrespirable gas, extinguishing
flame, and when breathed destroys life. It can be reduced
to a liquid and solid form by intense pressure. It is
produced in the fermentation of liquors, and by the
combustion and decomposition of organic substances, or
other substances containing carbon. It is formed in the
explosion of fire damp in mines, and is hence called
after damp; it is also know as choke damp, and
mephitic air. Water will absorb its own volume of it,
and more than this under pressure, and in this state
becomes the common soda water of the shops, and the
carbonated water of natural springs. Combined with lime it
constitutes limestone, or common marble and chalk. Plants
imbibe it for their nutrition and growth, the carbon being
retained and the oxygen given out.
Carbonic oxide (Chem.), a colorless gas, CO, of a light
odor, called more correctly carbon monoxide. It is
almost the only definitely known compound in which carbon
seems to be divalent. It is a product of the incomplete
combustion of carbon, and is an abundant constituent of
water gas. It is fatal to animal life, extinguishes
combustion, and burns with a pale blue flame, forming
carbon dioxide.
