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Paroxysmal tonic upgaze (PTU) of
childhood is a rare and
distinctive neuro-ophthalmological
syndrome characterized by
episodes (paroxysms) of sustained...
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primary position, the
sclera can be seen
above the cornea, and
further upgaze increases the
distance between the
eyelids and irises.
Causes include upper...
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commonly affected muscle and
patient may
experience vertical diplopia on
upgaze and
limitation of
elevation of the eyes due to
fibrosis of the muscle. This...
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anatomic lesions or
other causes of this syndrome.
Visually significant upgaze palsy can be
relieved with
bilateral inferior rectus recessions. Retraction...
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handwriting Rigid,
stiff muscles Cogwheeling (jerky
feeling in arm or leg)
Upgaze impairment Plastic, dead
feeling resistance known as "lead-pipe rigidity"...
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efferents to the
ipsilateral oculomotor nucleus and
trochlear nucleus;
mediate upgaze,: 777-778 it
projects efferents to the
contralateral aforementioned...
- in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. PTU may
refer to:
Paroxysmal tonic upgaze,
ophthalmological disorder Phenylthiourea, an
organosulfur thiourea Power...
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adults is needed.
Sodium valproate has been ****ociated with
paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood, also
known as Ouvrier–Billson syndrome, from
childhood or...
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distance the
eyelid travels,
starting with the
downgaze movement to the
upgaze without moving the
frontalis muscle.
Although this
procedure can be completed...
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Aside from
asymmetric ptosis (which
becomes worse with fatigue,
sustained upgaze, and at the end of the day) and
variable limitation of
extraocular muscles/diplopia...
