- 2014-04-18.
Media related to
Tughra at
Wikimedia Commons Ottoman Sultan Tughras Modern Ceramics with
Tughra Andreas Birken, "The
Tughra of
Sultan Abdülaziz (1861–1876)"...
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Constitution (Article 4). c1 2 :
Tughras were used by 35 out of 36
Ottoman sultans,
starting with
Orhan in the 14th century,
whose tughra has been
found on two different...
- ISBN 9780754667612
Wikimedia Commons has
media related to
Suleiman I.
Wikiquote has
quotations related to
Suleiman the Magnificent.
Portraits and
Tughra of Suleiman...
-
Every sultan of the
Ottoman Empire had his own monogram,
called the
tughra,
which served as a
royal symbol. A coat of arms in the
European heraldic sense...
- example, the coat of arms of the
Ottoman Empire incorporated the
royal tughra as part of its crest,
along with such
traditional Western heraldic elements...
-
Ramadanali (2006).
Fasting In
Islam And The
Month Of Ramadan.
United States:
Tughra Books. p. 51. ISBN 9781597846110.
Goldschmidt &
Davidson (2005), p. 48 Farah...
-
Tughra and seal of Aurangzeb, on an
imperial firman...
- own realm. They
could mint coins, make law by decree, and had
their own
tughras. The
Crimean Khanate made
alliances with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth...
-
often referred to as
Padishah and
several used the
title Shah in
their tughras.
Their male
offspring received the
title of Şehzade, or
prince (literally...
- ISBN 9780835239356. Kosova,
Hakan (2007). A
Tribute to the
Prophet Muhammad.
Tughra Books. ISBN 9781597846028. Ramadan,
Hisham M. (2006).
Understanding Islamic...
