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Administration
Administration Ad*min`is*tra"tion (?; 277), n. [OE.
administracioun, L. administratio: cf. F. administration.]
1. The act of administering; government of public affairs;
the service rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting
affairs; the conducting of any office or employment;
direction; management.
His financial administration was of a piece with his
military administration. --Macaulay.
2. The executive part of government; the persons collectively
who are intrusted with the execution of laws and the
superintendence of public affairs; the chief magistrate
and his cabinet or council; or the council, or ministry,
alone, as in Great Britain.
A mild and popular administration. --Macaulay.
The administration has been opposed in parliament.
--Johnson.
3. The act of administering, or tendering something to
another; dispensation; as, the administration of a
medicine, of an oath, of justice, or of the sacrament.
Administration with the will annexed 4. (Law)
(a) The management and disposal, under legal authority, of
the estate of an intestate, or of a testator having no
competent executor.
(b) The management of an estate of a deceased person by an
executor, the strictly corresponding term execution
not being in use.
Administration with the will annexed, administration
granted where the testator has appointed no executor, or
where his appointment of an executor for any cause has
failed, as by death, incompetency, refusal to act, etc.
Syn: Conduct; management; direction; regulation; execution;
dispensation; distribution. Ancillary administration
Ancillary administration An"cil*la*ry ad*min`is*tra"tion (Law)
An administration subordinate to, and in aid of, the primary
or principal administration of an estate.
ArbitrationArbitration Ar`bi*tra"tion, n. [F. arbitration, L. arbitratio,
fr. arbitrari.]
The hearing and determination of a cause between parties in
controversy, by a person or persons chosen by the parties.
Note: This may be done by one person; but it is usual to
choose two or three called arbitrators; or for each
party to choose one, and these to name a third, who is
called the umpire. Their determination is called the
award. --Bouvier
Arbitration bond, a bond which obliges one to abide by the
award of an arbitration.
Arbitration of Exchange, the operation of converting the
currency of one country into that of another, or
determining the rate of exchange between such countries or
currencies. An arbitrated rate is one determined by such
arbitration through the medium of one or more intervening
currencies. Arbitration bondArbitration Ar`bi*tra"tion, n. [F. arbitration, L. arbitratio,
fr. arbitrari.]
The hearing and determination of a cause between parties in
controversy, by a person or persons chosen by the parties.
Note: This may be done by one person; but it is usual to
choose two or three called arbitrators; or for each
party to choose one, and these to name a third, who is
called the umpire. Their determination is called the
award. --Bouvier
Arbitration bond, a bond which obliges one to abide by the
award of an arbitration.
Arbitration of Exchange, the operation of converting the
currency of one country into that of another, or
determining the rate of exchange between such countries or
currencies. An arbitrated rate is one determined by such
arbitration through the medium of one or more intervening
currencies. Arbitration bond 9. (Chem.) A unit of chemical attraction; as, oxygen has two
bonds of affinity. It is often represented in graphic
formul[ae] by a short line or dash. See Diagram of
Benzene nucleus, and Valence.
Arbitration bond. See under Arbitration.
Bond crediter (Law), a creditor whose debt is secured by a
bond. --Blackstone.
Bond debt (Law), a debt contracted under the obligation of
a bond. --Burrows.
Bond (or lap) of a slate, the distance between the top
of one slate and the bottom or drip of the second slate
above, i. e., the space which is covered with three
thicknesses; also, the distance between the nail of the
under slate and the lower edge of the upper slate.
Bond timber, timber worked into a wall to tie or strengthen
it longitudinally.
Syn: Chains; fetters; captivity; imprisonment. Arbitration of ExchangeArbitration Ar`bi*tra"tion, n. [F. arbitration, L. arbitratio,
fr. arbitrari.]
The hearing and determination of a cause between parties in
controversy, by a person or persons chosen by the parties.
Note: This may be done by one person; but it is usual to
choose two or three called arbitrators; or for each
party to choose one, and these to name a third, who is
called the umpire. Their determination is called the
award. --Bouvier
Arbitration bond, a bond which obliges one to abide by the
award of an arbitration.
Arbitration of Exchange, the operation of converting the
currency of one country into that of another, or
determining the rate of exchange between such countries or
currencies. An arbitrated rate is one determined by such
arbitration through the medium of one or more intervening
currencies. Calamistration
Calamistration Cal`a*mis*tra"tion
(k[a^]l*[.a]*m[i^]s*tr[=a]"sh[u^]n), n.
The act or process of curling the hair. [Obs.] --Burton.
Calcitration
Calcitration Cal`ci*tra"tion (-tr[=a]"sh[u^]n), n.
Act of kicking.
Castration
Castration Cas*tra"tion, n. [L. castratio; cf. F. castration.]
The act of castrating.
Concentration
Concentration Con`cen*tra"tion, n. [Cf. F. concentration.]
1. The act or process of concentrating; the process of
becoming concentrated, or the state of being concentrated;
concentration.
Concentration of the lunar beams. --Boyle.
Intense concetration of thought. --Sir J.
Herschel.
2. The act or process of reducing the volume of a liquid, as
by evaporation.
The acid acquires a higher degree of concentration.
--Knight.
3. (Metal.) The act or process of removing the dress of ore
and of reducing the valuable part to smaller compass, as
by currents of air or water.
Deconcentration
Deconcentration De*con`cen*tra"tion, n.
Act of deconcentrating. [R.]
Denitration
Denitration Den`i*tra"tion, n. [Pref. de- + nitrate.]
A disengaging, or removal, of nitric acid.
EmplastrationEmplastration Em`plas*tra"tion, n. [L. emplastratio a
budding.]
1. The act or process of grafting by inoculation; budding.
[Obs.] --Holland.
2. [See 1st Emplaster.] (Med.) The application of a plaster
or salve. Eventration
Eventration E`ven*tra*tion, n. [L. e out + venter belly.]
(Med.)
(a) A tumor containing a large portion of the abdominal
viscera, occasioned by relaxation of the walls of the
abdomen.
(b) A wound, of large extent, in the abdomen, through which
the greater part of the intestines protrude.
(c) The act af disemboweling.
Fatty infiltrationInfiltration In`fil*tra"tion, n. [Cf. F. infiltration.]
1. The act or process of infiltrating, as if water into a
porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an organ
or part of the body.
2. The substance which has entered the pores or cavities of a
body. --Addison.
Calcareous infiltrations filling the cavities.
--Kirwan.
Fatty infiltration. (Med.) See under Fatty.
Infiltration gallery, a filter gallery. Fatty infiltrationFatty Fat"ty, a.
Containing fat, or having the qualities of fat; greasy;
gross; as, a fatty substance.
Fatty acid (Chem.), any one of the paraffin series of
monocarbonic acids, as formic acid, acetic, etc.; -- so
called because the higher members, as stearic and palmitic
acids, occur in the natural fats, and are themselves
fatlike substances.
Fatty clays. See under Clay.
Fatty degeneration (Med.), a diseased condition, in which
the oil globules, naturally present in certain organs, are
so multiplied as gradually to destroy and replace the
efficient parts of these organs.
Fatty heart, Fatty liver, etc. (Med.), a heart, liver,
etc., which have been the subjects of fatty degeneration
or infiltration.
Fatty infiltration (Med.), a condition in which there is an
excessive accumulation of fat in an organ, without
destruction of any essential parts of the latter.
Fatty tumor (Med.), a tumor consisting of fatty or adipose
tissue; lipoma. Fenestration
Fenestration Fen`es*tra"tion, n.
1. (Arch.) The arrangement and proportioning of windows; --
used by modern writers for the decorating of an
architectural composition by means of the window (and
door) openings, their ornaments, and proportions.
2. (Anat.) The state or condition of being fenestrated.
Filtration
Filtration Fil*tra"tion, n. [Cf. F. filtration.]
The act or process of filtering; the mechanical separation of
a liquid from the undissolved particles floating in it.
Flustration
Flustration Flus*tra"tion, n.
The act of flustrating; confusion; flurry. [Colloq.]
--Richardson.
Illustration
Illustration Il`lus*tra"tion, n. [L. illustratio: cf. F.
illustration.]
1. The act of illustrating; the act of making clear and
distinct; education; also, the state of being illustrated,
or of being made clear and distinct.
2. That which illustrates; a comparison or example intended
to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.
3. A picture designed to decorate a volume or elucidate a
literary work.
Indirect demonstrationIndirect In`di*rect", a. [Pref. in- not + direct: cf. F.
indirect.]
1. Not direct; not straight or rectilinear; deviating from a
direct line or course; circuitous; as, an indirect road.
2. Not tending to an aim, purpose, or result by the plainest
course, or by obvious means, but obliquely or
consequentially; by remote means; as, an indirect
accusation, attack, answer, or proposal.
By what bypaths and indirect, crooked ways I met
this crown. --Shak.
3. Not straightforward or upright; unfair; dishonest; tending
to mislead or deceive.
Indirect dealing will be discovered one time or
other. --Tillotson.
4. Not resulting directly from an act or cause, but more or
less remotely connected with or growing out of it; as,
indirect results, damages, or claims.
5. (Logic & Math.) Not reaching the end aimed at by the most
plain and direct method; as, an indirect proof,
demonstration, etc.
Indirect claims, claims for remote or consequential damage.
Such claims were presented to and thrown out by the
commissioners who arbitrated the damage inflicted on the
United States by the Confederate States cruisers built and
supplied by Great Britain.
Indirect demonstration, a mode of demonstration in which
proof is given by showing that any other supposition
involves an absurdity (reductio ad absurdum), or an
impossibility; thus, one quantity may be proved equal to
another by showing that it can be neither greater nor
less.
Indirect discourse. (Gram.) See Direct discourse, under
Direct.
Indirect evidence, evidence or testimony which is
circumstantial or inferential, but without witness; --
opposed to direct evidence.
Indirect tax, a tax, such as customs, excises, InfiltrationInfiltration In`fil*tra"tion, n. [Cf. F. infiltration.]
1. The act or process of infiltrating, as if water into a
porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an organ
or part of the body.
2. The substance which has entered the pores or cavities of a
body. --Addison.
Calcareous infiltrations filling the cavities.
--Kirwan.
Fatty infiltration. (Med.) See under Fatty.
Infiltration gallery, a filter gallery. Infiltration galleryInfiltration In`fil*tra"tion, n. [Cf. F. infiltration.]
1. The act or process of infiltrating, as if water into a
porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an organ
or part of the body.
2. The substance which has entered the pores or cavities of a
body. --Addison.
Calcareous infiltrations filling the cavities.
--Kirwan.
Fatty infiltration. (Med.) See under Fatty.
Infiltration gallery, a filter gallery. infiltration galleryFilter Fil"ter, n. [F. filtre, the same word as feutre felt,
LL. filtrum, feltrum, felt, fulled wool, this being used for
straining liquors. See Feuter.]
Any porous substance, as cloth, paper, sand, or charcoal,
through which water or other liquid may passed to cleanse it
from the solid or impure matter held in suspension; a chamber
or device containing such substance; a strainer; also, a
similar device for purifying air.
Filter bed, a pond, the bottom of which is a filter
composed of sand gravel.
Filter gallery, an underground gallery or tunnel, alongside
of a stream, to collect the water that filters through the
intervening sand and gravel; -- called also infiltration
gallery. Interpenetration
Interpenetration In`ter*pen`e*tra"tion, n.
The act of penetrating between or within other substances;
mutual penetration. --Milman.
Latration
Latration La*tra"tion, n.
A barking. [Obs.]
Lustration
Lustration Lus*tra"tion, n. [L. lustratio: cf. F. lustration.]
1. The act of lustrating or purifying.
And holy water for lustration bring. --Dryden.
2. (Antiq.) A sacrifice, or ceremony, by which cities,
fields, armies, or people, defiled by crimes, pestilence,
or other cause of uncleanness, were purified.
MaladministrationMaladministration Mal`ad*min`is*tra"tion, n. [Mal- +
administration.]
Bad administration; bad management of any business,
especially of public affairs. [Written also
maleadministration.] maleadministrationMaladministration Mal`ad*min`is*tra"tion, n. [Mal- +
administration.]
Bad administration; bad management of any business,
especially of public affairs. [Written also
maleadministration.]
Meaning of Tration from wikipedia