Here you will find one or more explanations in English for the word Symmetry.
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Axis of symmetryAxis Ax"is, n.; pl. Axes. [L. axis axis, axle. See Axle.]
A straight line, real or imaginary, passing through a body,
on which it revolves, or may be supposed to revolve; a line
passing through a body or system around which the parts are
symmetrically arranged.
2. (Math.) A straight line with respect to which the
different parts of a magnitude are symmetrically arranged;
as, the axis of a cylinder, i. e., the axis of a cone,
that is, the straight line joining the vertex and the
center of the base; the axis of a circle, any straight
line passing through the center.
3. (Bot.) The stem; the central part, or longitudinal
support, on which organs or parts are arranged; the
central line of any body. --Gray.
4. (Anat.)
(a) The second vertebra of the neck, or vertebra
dentata.
(b) Also used of the body only of the vertebra, which is
prolonged anteriorly within the foramen of the first
vertebra or atlas, so as to form the odontoid process
or peg which serves as a pivot for the atlas and head
to turn upon.
5. (Crystallog.) One of several imaginary lines, assumed in
describing the position of the planes by which a crystal
is bounded.
6. (Fine Arts) The primary or secondary central line of any
design.
Anticlinal axis (Geol.), a line or ridge from which the
strata slope downward on the two opposite sides.
Synclinal axis, a line from which the strata slope upward
in opposite directions, so as to form a valley.
Axis cylinder (Anat.), the neuraxis or essential, central
substance of a nerve fiber; -- called also axis band,
axial fiber, and cylinder axis.
Axis in peritrochio, the wheel and axle, one of the
mechanical powers.
Axis of a curve (Geom.), a straight line which bisects a
system of parallel chords of a curve; called a principal
axis, when cutting them at right angles, in which case it
divides the curve into two symmetrical portions, as in the
parabola, which has one such axis, the ellipse, which has
two, or the circle, which has an infinite number. The two
axes of the ellipse are the major axis and the minor
axis, and the two axes of the hyperbola are the
transverse axis and the conjugate axis.
Axis of a lens, the straight line passing through its
center and perpendicular to its surfaces.
Axis of a telescope or microscope, the straight line with
which coincide the axes of the several lenses which
compose it.
Axes of co["o]rdinates in a plane, two straight lines
intersecting each other, to which points are referred for
the purpose of determining their relative position: they
are either rectangular or oblique.
Axes of co["o]rdinates in space, the three straight lines
in which the co["o]rdinate planes intersect each other.
Axis of a balance, that line about which it turns.
Axis of oscillation, of a pendulum, a right line passing
through the center about which it vibrates, and
perpendicular to the plane of vibration.
Axis of polarization, the central line around which the
prismatic rings or curves are arranged. --Brewster.
Axis of revolution (Descriptive Geom.), a straight line
about which some line or plane is revolved, so that the
several points of the line or plane shall describe circles
with their centers in the fixed line, and their planes
perpendicular to it, the line describing a surface of
revolution, and the plane a solid of revolution.
Axis of symmetry (Geom.), any line in a plane figure which
divides the figure into two such parts that one part, when
folded over along the axis, shall coincide with the other
part.
Axis of the equator, ecliptic, horizon (or other circle
considered with reference to the sphere on which it lies),
the diameter of the sphere which is perpendicular to the
plane of the circle. --Hutton.
Axis of the Ionic capital (Arch.), a line passing
perpendicularly through the middle of the eye of the
volute.
Neutral axis (Mech.), the line of demarcation between the
horizontal elastic forces of tension and compression,
exerted by the fibers in any cross section of a girder.
Optic axis of a crystal, the direction in which a ray of
transmitted light suffers no double refraction. All
crystals, not of the isometric system, are either uniaxial
or biaxial.
Optic axis, Visual axis (Opt.), the straight line passing
through the center of the pupil, and perpendicular to the
surface of the eye.
Radical axis of two circles (Geom.), the straight line
perpendicular to the line joining their centers and such
that the tangents from any point of it to the two circles
shall be equal to each other.
Spiral axis (Arch.), the axis of a twisted column drawn
spirally in order to trace the circumvolutions without.
Axis of abscissas and Axis of ordinates. See Abscissa. Dissymmetry
Dissymmetry Dis*sym"me*try, n. [Pref. dis- + symmetry.]
Absence or defect of symmetry; asymmetry.
Pseudo-symmetry
Pseudo-symmetry Pseu`do-sym"me*try, n. [Pseudo- + symmetry.]
(Crystallog.)
A kind of symmetry characteristic of certain crystals which
from twinning, or other causes, come to resemble forms of a
system other than that to which they belong, as the
apparently hexagonal prisms of aragonite.
Radial symmetryRadial Ra"di*al, a. [Cf. F. radial. See Radius.]
Of or pertaining to a radius or ray; consisting of, or like,
radii or rays; radiated; as, (Bot.) radial projections;
(Zo["o]l.) radial vessels or canals; (Anat.) the radial
artery.
Radial symmetry. (Biol.) See under Symmetry. Serial symmetrySerial Se"ri*al, a.
1. Of or pertaining to a series; consisting of a series;
appearing in successive parts or numbers; as, a serial
work or publication. ``Classification . . . may be more or
less serial.' --H. Spencer.
2. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to rows. --Gray.
Serial homology. (Biol.) See under Homology.
Serial symmetry. (Biol.) See under Symmetry. Zonal symmetryZonal on"al, a. [L. zonalis.]
Of or pertaining to a zone; having the form of a zone or
zones.
Zonal equation (Crystallog.), the mathematical relation
which belongs to all the planes of a zone, and expresses
their common position with reference to the axes.
Zonal structure (Crystallog.), a structure characterized by
the arrangements of color, inclusions, etc., of a crystal
in parallel or concentric layers, which usually follow the
outline of the crystal, and mark the changes that have
taken place during its growth.
Zonal symmetry. (Biol.) See the Note under Symmetry.
Meaning of Symmetry from wikipedia
-
Symmetry (from
Ancient Gr**** συμμετρία (summetría) 'agreement in dimensions, due proportion, arrangement') in
everyday life
refers to a
sense of harmonious...
-
Symmetry in
biology refers to the
symmetry observed in organisms,
including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.
External symmetry can be
easily seen...
-
molecular symmetry describes the
symmetry present in
molecules and the
classification of
these molecules according to
their symmetry.
Molecular symmetry is a...
-
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a
spontaneous process of
symmetry breaking, by
which a
physical system in a
symmetric state spontaneously ends up in an...
-
Facial symmetry is one
specific measure of
bodily symmetry.
Along with
traits such as
averageness and youthfulness, it
influences judgments of aesthetic...
-
Axial symmetry is
symmetry around an axis; an
object is
axially symmetric if its
appearance is
unchanged if
rotated around an axis. For example, a baseball...
-
global symmetry.
Local symmetry, the
cornerstone of
gauge theories, is a
stronger constraint. In fact, a
global symmetry is just a
local symmetry whose...
- A
plane symmetry is a
symmetry of a
pattern in the
Euclidean plane: that is, a
transformation of the
plane that
carries any
direction lines to
lines and...
-
Rotational symmetry, also
known as
radial symmetry in geometry, is the
property a
shape has when it
looks the same
after some
rotation by a
partial turn...
- In mathematics,
reflection symmetry, line
symmetry,
mirror symmetry, or mirror-image
symmetry is
symmetry with
respect to a reflection. That is, a figure...
