-
Equisetidae is one of the four
subclasses of
Polypodiopsida (ferns), a
group of
vascular plants with a
fossil record going back to the Devonian. They are...
- stems: Lycopodites,
Selaginellites Sphenopsid leaves: Annularia,
Asterophyllites Sphenopsid stems:
Calamites Sphenopsid reproductive parts: Bowmanites, Calamostachys...
-
Other plants found in
Antarctica during the
Permian include Cordaitales,
sphenopsids, ferns, and lycophytes. At the end of the Permian, the
climate became...
- beetles, seed
plants and
conifers diversify while lepidodendrids and
sphenopsids decrease.
Terrestrial temnospondyl amphibians and
pelycosaurs (e.g. Dimetrodon)...
- leaf only, including: 1
bryophyte (mosses and liverworts) 11
ferns 1
sphenopsid 10
conifers 1
ginkgo (uncommon) 278
angiosperms (roughly 92% of all taxa...
- Lepidodendron, and
herbaceous forms called Lycopodites and Cormophyton;
sphenopsids like
Calamites a tree-like
horsetail relative, with
common foliage names...
-
flagellate sperm when it
reached a
receptive megagametophyte.
Lycopods and
sphenopsids got a fair way down the path to the seed
habit without ever crossing...
- Shou-Gang & Wang, Qi (2005), "Rotafolia
songziensis gen. et comb. nov., a
sphenopsid from the Late
Devonian of Hubei, China",
Botanical Journal of the Linnean...
- leaf only, including: 1
bryophyte (mosses and liverworts) 11
ferns 1
sphenopsid 10
conifers 1
ginkgo (uncommon) 278
angiosperms (roughly 92% of all taxa...
-
Archaeocalamitaceae is a
family of
extinct sphenopsids related to horsetails.
Archaeocalamite fossils have been
found in Siberia, Poland, and Brazil....
