-
species can be
processed to make them edible, however, the raw
plants contain raphid or
raphide crystals of
calcium oxalate along with
other irritants (possibly...
- (order Fragilariophyceae), and
pennate diatoms with a raphe,
known as
raphids (order Bacillariophyceae).
Pennate diatom without a
raphe (Fragilariopsis...
- therefore,
considered to
represent a
transitional stage between centric and
raphid pennate diatoms,
diatoms with a raphe.
Certain species of
bacteria in oceans...
- Spaulding, S. A.; Lowe, R. L. (2014). "Chapter 16. Bacillariophyceae: The
Raphid Diatoms". In Wehr, John D.; Sheath,
Robert G.; Kociolek, J.
Patrick (eds...
-
Bacillariophyceae Haeckel, 1878, emend. D.G.Mann (pennate
diatoms with a
raphe (
raphids))
Subclass Bacillariophycidae D.G.Mann
Achnanthales P.C.Silva Bacillariales...
-
setulae (small hairs), and
inner layer with
small sub-quadrate or
rounded raphids (needles). The
pappus (a tuft or ring of
hairs or scales) is pale to sordid...
-
achene wall are
distinct firm cell walls,
containing small sub-quadrate
raphids (a seam or
ridge on the seeds).
carpopodium stopper-shaped or somewhat...
