Definition of Radiu. Meaning of Radiu. Synonyms of Radiu
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Definition of Radiu
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Hyporadius Hyporadius Hy`po*ra"di*us, n.; pl. Hyporadii. [Pref. hypo- +
radius.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the barbs of the hypoptilum, or aftershaft of a
feather. See Feather.
Osphradium Osphradium Os*phra"di*um, n.; pl. Osphradia. [NL., fr. Gr. ?
strong scent, fr. ? to smell.] (Zo["o]l.)
The olfactory organ of some Mollusca. It is connected with
the organ of respiration.
Radium Radium Ra`di*um, n. [NL., fr. L. radius ray.] (Chem.)
An intensely radioactive metallic element found (combined) in
minute quantities in pitchblende, and various other uranium
minerals. Symbol, Ra; atomic weight, 226.4. Radium was
discovered by M. and Mme. Curie, of Paris, who in 1902
separated compounds of it by a tedious process from
pitchblende. Its compounds color flames carmine and give a
characteristic spectrum. It resembles barium chemically.
Radium preparations are remarkable for maintaining themselves
at a higher temperature than their surroundings, and for
their radiations, which are of three kinds: alpha rays, beta
rays, and gamma rays (see these terms). By reason of these
rays they ionize gases, affect photographic plates, cause
sores on the skin, and produce many other striking effects.
Their degree of activity depends on the proportion of radium
present, but not on its state of chemical combination or on
external conditions.The radioactivity of radium is therefore
an atomic property, and is explained as result from a
disintegration of the atom. This breaking up occurs in at
least seven stages; the successive main products have been
studied and are called
radium emanation or exradio,
radium A,
radium B,
radium C, etc. (The emanation is a heavy gas, the later
products are solids.) These products are regarded as
unstable elements, each with an atomic weight a little
lower than its predecessor. It is possible that lead is
the stable end product. At the same time the light gas
helium is formed; it probably consists of the expelled
alpha particles. The heat effect mentioned above is
ascribed to the impacts of these particles. Radium, in
turn, is believed to be formed indirectly by an
immeasurably slow disintegration of uranium.
radium A Radium Ra`di*um, n. [NL., fr. L. radius ray.] (Chem.)
An intensely radioactive metallic element found (combined) in
minute quantities in pitchblende, and various other uranium
minerals. Symbol, Ra; atomic weight, 226.4. Radium was
discovered by M. and Mme. Curie, of Paris, who in 1902
separated compounds of it by a tedious process from
pitchblende. Its compounds color flames carmine and give a
characteristic spectrum. It resembles barium chemically.
Radium preparations are remarkable for maintaining themselves
at a higher temperature than their surroundings, and for
their radiations, which are of three kinds: alpha rays, beta
rays, and gamma rays (see these terms). By reason of these
rays they ionize gases, affect photographic plates, cause
sores on the skin, and produce many other striking effects.
Their degree of activity depends on the proportion of radium
present, but not on its state of chemical combination or on
external conditions.The radioactivity of radium is therefore
an atomic property, and is explained as result from a
disintegration of the atom. This breaking up occurs in at
least seven stages; the successive main products have been
studied and are called
radium emanation or exradio,
radium A,
radium B,
radium C, etc. (The emanation is a heavy gas, the later
products are solids.) These products are regarded as
unstable elements, each with an atomic weight a little
lower than its predecessor. It is possible that lead is
the stable end product. At the same time the light gas
helium is formed; it probably consists of the expelled
alpha particles. The heat effect mentioned above is
ascribed to the impacts of these particles. Radium, in
turn, is believed to be formed indirectly by an
immeasurably slow disintegration of uranium.
radium B Radium Ra`di*um, n. [NL., fr. L. radius ray.] (Chem.)
An intensely radioactive metallic element found (combined) in
minute quantities in pitchblende, and various other uranium
minerals. Symbol, Ra; atomic weight, 226.4. Radium was
discovered by M. and Mme. Curie, of Paris, who in 1902
separated compounds of it by a tedious process from
pitchblende. Its compounds color flames carmine and give a
characteristic spectrum. It resembles barium chemically.
Radium preparations are remarkable for maintaining themselves
at a higher temperature than their surroundings, and for
their radiations, which are of three kinds: alpha rays, beta
rays, and gamma rays (see these terms). By reason of these
rays they ionize gases, affect photographic plates, cause
sores on the skin, and produce many other striking effects.
Their degree of activity depends on the proportion of radium
present, but not on its state of chemical combination or on
external conditions.The radioactivity of radium is therefore
an atomic property, and is explained as result from a
disintegration of the atom. This breaking up occurs in at
least seven stages; the successive main products have been
studied and are called
radium emanation or exradio,
radium A,
radium B,
radium C, etc. (The emanation is a heavy gas, the later
products are solids.) These products are regarded as
unstable elements, each with an atomic weight a little
lower than its predecessor. It is possible that lead is
the stable end product. At the same time the light gas
helium is formed; it probably consists of the expelled
alpha particles. The heat effect mentioned above is
ascribed to the impacts of these particles. Radium, in
turn, is believed to be formed indirectly by an
immeasurably slow disintegration of uranium.
radium C Radium Ra`di*um, n. [NL., fr. L. radius ray.] (Chem.)
An intensely radioactive metallic element found (combined) in
minute quantities in pitchblende, and various other uranium
minerals. Symbol, Ra; atomic weight, 226.4. Radium was
discovered by M. and Mme. Curie, of Paris, who in 1902
separated compounds of it by a tedious process from
pitchblende. Its compounds color flames carmine and give a
characteristic spectrum. It resembles barium chemically.
Radium preparations are remarkable for maintaining themselves
at a higher temperature than their surroundings, and for
their radiations, which are of three kinds: alpha rays, beta
rays, and gamma rays (see these terms). By reason of these
rays they ionize gases, affect photographic plates, cause
sores on the skin, and produce many other striking effects.
Their degree of activity depends on the proportion of radium
present, but not on its state of chemical combination or on
external conditions.The radioactivity of radium is therefore
an atomic property, and is explained as result from a
disintegration of the atom. This breaking up occurs in at
least seven stages; the successive main products have been
studied and are called
radium emanation or exradio,
radium A,
radium B,
radium C, etc. (The emanation is a heavy gas, the later
products are solids.) These products are regarded as
unstable elements, each with an atomic weight a little
lower than its predecessor. It is possible that lead is
the stable end product. At the same time the light gas
helium is formed; it probably consists of the expelled
alpha particles. The heat effect mentioned above is
ascribed to the impacts of these particles. Radium, in
turn, is believed to be formed indirectly by an
immeasurably slow disintegration of uranium.
radium emanation Radium Ra`di*um, n. [NL., fr. L. radius ray.] (Chem.)
An intensely radioactive metallic element found (combined) in
minute quantities in pitchblende, and various other uranium
minerals. Symbol, Ra; atomic weight, 226.4. Radium was
discovered by M. and Mme. Curie, of Paris, who in 1902
separated compounds of it by a tedious process from
pitchblende. Its compounds color flames carmine and give a
characteristic spectrum. It resembles barium chemically.
Radium preparations are remarkable for maintaining themselves
at a higher temperature than their surroundings, and for
their radiations, which are of three kinds: alpha rays, beta
rays, and gamma rays (see these terms). By reason of these
rays they ionize gases, affect photographic plates, cause
sores on the skin, and produce many other striking effects.
Their degree of activity depends on the proportion of radium
present, but not on its state of chemical combination or on
external conditions.The radioactivity of radium is therefore
an atomic property, and is explained as result from a
disintegration of the atom. This breaking up occurs in at
least seven stages; the successive main products have been
studied and are called
radium emanation or exradio,
radium A,
radium B,
radium C, etc. (The emanation is a heavy gas, the later
products are solids.) These products are regarded as
unstable elements, each with an atomic weight a little
lower than its predecessor. It is possible that lead is
the stable end product. At the same time the light gas
helium is formed; it probably consists of the expelled
alpha particles. The heat effect mentioned above is
ascribed to the impacts of these particles. Radium, in
turn, is believed to be formed indirectly by an
immeasurably slow disintegration of uranium.
Radius Radius Ra"di*us, n.; pl. L. Radii; E. Radiuses. [L., a
staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, radius, ray. See Ray a
divergent line.]
1. (Geom.) A right line drawn or extending from the center of
a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or
sphere.
2. (Anat.) The preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium,
corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See Illust.
of Artiodactyla.
Note: The radius is on the same side of the limb as the
thumb, or pollex, and in man it so articulated that its
lower end is capable of partial rotation about the
ulna.
3. (Bot.) A ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such
plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See Ray, 2.
4. pl. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The barbs of a perfect feather.
(b) Radiating organs, or color-markings, of the radiates.
5. The movable limb of a sextant or other angular instrument.
--Knight.
Radius bar (Math.), a bar pivoted at one end, about which
it swings, and having its other end attached to a piece
which it causes to move in a circular arc.
Radius of curvature. See under Curvature.
Radius bar Radius Ra"di*us, n.; pl. L. Radii; E. Radiuses. [L., a
staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, radius, ray. See Ray a
divergent line.]
1. (Geom.) A right line drawn or extending from the center of
a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or
sphere.
2. (Anat.) The preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium,
corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See Illust.
of Artiodactyla.
Note: The radius is on the same side of the limb as the
thumb, or pollex, and in man it so articulated that its
lower end is capable of partial rotation about the
ulna.
3. (Bot.) A ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such
plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See Ray, 2.
4. pl. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The barbs of a perfect feather.
(b) Radiating organs, or color-markings, of the radiates.
5. The movable limb of a sextant or other angular instrument.
--Knight.
Radius bar (Math.), a bar pivoted at one end, about which
it swings, and having its other end attached to a piece
which it causes to move in a circular arc.
Radius of curvature. See under Curvature.
Radius of curvature Radius Ra"di*us, n.; pl. L. Radii; E. Radiuses. [L., a
staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, radius, ray. See Ray a
divergent line.]
1. (Geom.) A right line drawn or extending from the center of
a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or
sphere.
2. (Anat.) The preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium,
corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See Illust.
of Artiodactyla.
Note: The radius is on the same side of the limb as the
thumb, or pollex, and in man it so articulated that its
lower end is capable of partial rotation about the
ulna.
3. (Bot.) A ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such
plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See Ray, 2.
4. pl. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The barbs of a perfect feather.
(b) Radiating organs, or color-markings, of the radiates.
5. The movable limb of a sextant or other angular instrument.
--Knight.
Radius bar (Math.), a bar pivoted at one end, about which
it swings, and having its other end attached to a piece
which it causes to move in a circular arc.
Radius of curvature. See under Curvature.
Radius of curvature Curvature Cur"va*ture (k?r"v?-t?r; 135), n. [L. curvatura. See
Curvate.]
1. The act of curving, or the state of being bent or curved;
a curving or bending, normal or abnormal, as of a line or
surface from a rectilinear direction; a bend; a curve.
--Cowper.
The elegant curvature of their fronds. --Darwin.
2. (Math.) The amount of degree of bending of a mathematical
curve, or the tendency at any point to depart from a
tangent drawn to the curve at that point.
Aberrancy of curvature (Geom.), the deviation of a curve
from a circular form.
Absolute curvature. See under Absolute.
Angle of curvature (Geom.), one that expresses the amount
of curvature of a curve.
Chord of curvature. See under Chord.
Circle of curvature. See Osculating circle of a curve,
under Circle.
Curvature of the spine (Med.), an abnormal curving of the
spine, especially in a lateral direction.
Radius of curvature, the radius of the circle of curvature,
or osculatory circle, at any point of a curve.
Radius of gyration Gyration Gy*ra"tion, n.
1. The act of turning or whirling, as around a fixed center;
a circular or spiral motion; motion about an axis;
rotation; revolution.
The gyrations of an ascending balloon. --De Quincey.
If a burning coal be nimbly moved round in a circle,
with gyrations continually repeated, the whole
circle will appear like fire. --Sir I.
Newton.
2. (Zo["o]l.) One of the whorls of a spiral univalve shell.
Center of gyration. (Mech.) See under Center.
Radius of gyration the distance between the axis of a
rotating body and its center of gyration. --Rankine.
Radius vector Radius vector Ra"di*us vec"tor
1. (Math.) A straight line (or the length of such line)
connecting any point, as of a curve, with a fixed point,
or pole, round which the straight line turns, and to which
it serves to refer the successive points of a curve, in a
system of polar co["o]rdinates. See Co["o]rdinate, n.
2. (Astron.) An ideal straight line joining the center of an
attracting body with that of a body describing an orbit
around it, as a line joining the sun and a planet or
comet, or a planet and its satellite.
Radiuses Radius Ra"di*us, n.; pl. L. Radii; E. Radiuses. [L., a
staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, radius, ray. See Ray a
divergent line.]
1. (Geom.) A right line drawn or extending from the center of
a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or
sphere.
2. (Anat.) The preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium,
corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See Illust.
of Artiodactyla.
Note: The radius is on the same side of the limb as the
thumb, or pollex, and in man it so articulated that its
lower end is capable of partial rotation about the
ulna.
3. (Bot.) A ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such
plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See Ray, 2.
4. pl. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The barbs of a perfect feather.
(b) Radiating organs, or color-markings, of the radiates.
5. The movable limb of a sextant or other angular instrument.
--Knight.
Radius bar (Math.), a bar pivoted at one end, about which
it swings, and having its other end attached to a piece
which it causes to move in a circular arc.
Radius of curvature. See under Curvature.
