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Reduced ironIron I"ron ([imac]"[u^]rn), n. [OE. iren, AS. [=i]ren,
[=i]sen, [=i]sern; akin to D. ijzer, OS. [=i]sarn, OHG.
[=i]sarn, [=i]san, G. eisen, Icel. [=i]sarn, j[=a]rn, Sw. &
Dan. jern, and perh. to E. ice; cf. Ir. iarann, W. haiarn,
Armor. houarn.]
1. (Chem.) The most common and most useful metallic element,
being of almost universal occurrence, usually in the form
of an oxide (as hematite, magnetite, etc.), or a hydrous
oxide (as limonite, turgite, etc.). It is reduced on an
enormous scale in three principal forms; viz., cast iron,
steel, and wrought iron. Iron usually appears dark brown,
from oxidation or impurity, but when pure, or on a fresh
surface, is a gray or white metal. It is easily oxidized
(rusted) by moisture, and is attacked by many corrosive
agents. Symbol Fe (Latin Ferrum). Atomic weight 55.9.
Specific gravity, pure iron, 7.86; cast iron, 7.1. In
magnetic properties, it is superior to all other
substances.
Note: The value of iron is largely due to the facility with
which it can be worked. Thus, when heated it is
malleable and ductile, and can be easily welded and
forged at a high temperature. As cast iron, it is
easily fusible; as steel, is very tough, and (when
tempered) very hard and elastic. Chemically, iron is
grouped with cobalt and nickel. Steel is a variety of
iron containing more carbon than wrought iron, but less
that cast iron. It is made either from wrought iron, by
roasting in a packing of carbon (cementation) or from
cast iron, by burning off the impurities in a Bessemer
converter (then called Bessemer steel), or directly
from the iron ore (as in the Siemens rotatory and
generating furnace).
2. An instrument or utensil made of iron; -- chiefly in
composition; as, a flatiron, a smoothing iron, etc.
My young soldier, put up your iron. --Shak.
3. pl. Fetters; chains; handcuffs; manacles.
Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons.
--Macaulay.
4. Strength; power; firmness; inflexibility; as, to rule with
a rod of iron.
Bar iron. See Wrought iron (below).
Bog iron, bog ore; limonite. See Bog ore, under Bog.
Cast iron (Metal.), an impure variety of iron, containing
from three to six percent of carbon, part of which is
united with a part of the iron, as a carbide, and the rest
is uncombined, as graphite. It there is little free
carbon, the product is white iron; if much of the carbon
has separated as graphite, it is called gray iron. See
also Cast iron, in the Vocabulary.
Fire irons. See under Fire, n.
Gray irons. See under Fire, n.
Gray iron. See Cast iron (above).
It irons (Naut.), said of a sailing vessel, when, in
tacking, she comes up head to the wind and will not fill
away on either tack.
Magnetic iron. See Magnetite.
Malleable iron (Metal.), iron sufficiently pure or soft to
be capable of extension under the hammer; also, specif., a
kind of iron produced by removing a portion of the carbon
or other impurities from cast iron, rendering it less
brittle, and to some extent malleable.
Meteoric iron (Chem.), iron forming a large, and often the
chief, ingredient of meteorites. It invariably contains a
small amount of nickel and cobalt. Cf. Meteorite.
Pig iron, the form in which cast iron is made at the blast
furnace, being run into molds, called pigs.
Reduced iron. See under Reduced.
Specular iron. See Hematite.
Too many irons in the fire, too many objects requiring the
attention at once.
White iron. See Cast iron (above).
Wrought iron (Metal.), the purest form of iron commonly
known in the arts, containing only about half of one per
cent of carbon. It is made either directly from the ore,
as in the Catalan forge or bloomery, or by purifying
(puddling) cast iron in a reverberatory furnace or
refinery. It is tough, malleable, and ductile. When formed
into bars, it is called bar iron. Reduced iron 4. To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding,
pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a
substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit,
wood, or paper rags, to pulp.
It were but right And equal to reduce me to my dust.
--Milton.
5. To bring into a certain order, arrangement,
classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within
certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in
computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a
class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in
astronomy; to reduce language to rules.
6. (Arith.)
(a) To change, as numbers, from one denomination into
another without altering their value, or from one
denomination into others of the same value; as, to
reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to
reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to
minutes, or minutes to days and hours.
(b) To change the form of a quantity or expression without
altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their
lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.
7. (Chem.) To bring to the metallic state by separating from
impurities; hence, in general, to remove oxygen from; to
deoxidize; to combine with, or to subject to the action
of, hydrogen; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron;
or metals are reduced from their ores; -- opposed to
oxidize.
8. (Med.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a
displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a
fracture, or a hernia.
Reduced iron (Chem.), metallic iron obtained through
deoxidation of an oxide of iron by exposure to a current
of hydrogen or other reducing agent. When hydrogen is used
the product is called also iron by hydrogen.
To reduce an equation (Alg.), to bring the unknown quantity
by itself on one side, and all the known quantities on the
other side, without destroying the equation.
To reduce an expression (Alg.), to obtain an equivalent
expression of simpler form.
To reduce a square (Mil.), to reform the line or column
from the square.
Syn: To diminish; lessen; decrease; abate; shorten; curtail;
impair; lower; subject; subdue; subjugate; conquer. Reducement
Reducement Re*duce"ment (r?*d?s"ment), n.
Reduction. --Milton.
Reducent
Reducent Re*du"cent (r?*d?"sent), a. [L. reducens, p. pr. of
reducere.]
Tending to reduce. -- n. A reducent agent.
Reducer
Reducer Re*duc"er, n.
1. (Mach.)
(a) A contrivance for reducing the dimensions of one part
so as to fit it to another, as a reducing coupling, or
a device for holding a drilling a chuck.
(b) A reducing motion.
(c) A reducing valve.
(d) A hydraulic device for reducing pressure and hence
increasing movement, used to transmit the load from
the hydraulic support of the lower shackle to the
lever weighing apparatus in some kinds of heavy
testing machines.
2. (Photog.) A reducing agent, either a developer or an agent
for reducing density.
Reducer
Reducer Re*du"cer (-s?r), n.
One who, or that which, reduces.
To reduce a square 4. To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding,
pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a
substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit,
wood, or paper rags, to pulp.
It were but right And equal to reduce me to my dust.
--Milton.
5. To bring into a certain order, arrangement,
classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within
certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in
computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a
class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in
astronomy; to reduce language to rules.
6. (Arith.)
(a) To change, as numbers, from one denomination into
another without altering their value, or from one
denomination into others of the same value; as, to
reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to
reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to
minutes, or minutes to days and hours.
(b) To change the form of a quantity or expression without
altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their
lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.
7. (Chem.) To bring to the metallic state by separating from
impurities; hence, in general, to remove oxygen from; to
deoxidize; to combine with, or to subject to the action
of, hydrogen; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron;
or metals are reduced from their ores; -- opposed to
oxidize.
8. (Med.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a
displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a
fracture, or a hernia.
Reduced iron (Chem.), metallic iron obtained through
deoxidation of an oxide of iron by exposure to a current
of hydrogen or other reducing agent. When hydrogen is used
the product is called also iron by hydrogen.
To reduce an equation (Alg.), to bring the unknown quantity
by itself on one side, and all the known quantities on the
other side, without destroying the equation.
To reduce an expression (Alg.), to obtain an equivalent
expression of simpler form.
To reduce a square (Mil.), to reform the line or column
from the square.
Syn: To diminish; lessen; decrease; abate; shorten; curtail;
impair; lower; subject; subdue; subjugate; conquer. To reduce an equation 4. To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding,
pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a
substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit,
wood, or paper rags, to pulp.
It were but right And equal to reduce me to my dust.
--Milton.
5. To bring into a certain order, arrangement,
classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within
certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in
computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a
class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in
astronomy; to reduce language to rules.
6. (Arith.)
(a) To change, as numbers, from one denomination into
another without altering their value, or from one
denomination into others of the same value; as, to
reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to
reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to
minutes, or minutes to days and hours.
(b) To change the form of a quantity or expression without
altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their
lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.
7. (Chem.) To bring to the metallic state by separating from
impurities; hence, in general, to remove oxygen from; to
deoxidize; to combine with, or to subject to the action
of, hydrogen; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron;
or metals are reduced from their ores; -- opposed to
oxidize.
8. (Med.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a
displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a
fracture, or a hernia.
Reduced iron (Chem.), metallic iron obtained through
deoxidation of an oxide of iron by exposure to a current
of hydrogen or other reducing agent. When hydrogen is used
the product is called also iron by hydrogen.
To reduce an equation (Alg.), to bring the unknown quantity
by itself on one side, and all the known quantities on the
other side, without destroying the equation.
To reduce an expression (Alg.), to obtain an equivalent
expression of simpler form.
To reduce a square (Mil.), to reform the line or column
from the square.
Syn: To diminish; lessen; decrease; abate; shorten; curtail;
impair; lower; subject; subdue; subjugate; conquer. To reduce an expression 4. To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding,
pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a
substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit,
wood, or paper rags, to pulp.
It were but right And equal to reduce me to my dust.
--Milton.
5. To bring into a certain order, arrangement,
classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within
certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in
computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a
class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in
astronomy; to reduce language to rules.
6. (Arith.)
(a) To change, as numbers, from one denomination into
another without altering their value, or from one
denomination into others of the same value; as, to
reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to
reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to
minutes, or minutes to days and hours.
(b) To change the form of a quantity or expression without
altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their
lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.
7. (Chem.) To bring to the metallic state by separating from
impurities; hence, in general, to remove oxygen from; to
deoxidize; to combine with, or to subject to the action
of, hydrogen; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron;
or metals are reduced from their ores; -- opposed to
oxidize.
8. (Med.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a
displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a
fracture, or a hernia.
Reduced iron (Chem.), metallic iron obtained through
deoxidation of an oxide of iron by exposure to a current
of hydrogen or other reducing agent. When hydrogen is used
the product is called also iron by hydrogen.
To reduce an equation (Alg.), to bring the unknown quantity
by itself on one side, and all the known quantities on the
other side, without destroying the equation.
To reduce an expression (Alg.), to obtain an equivalent
expression of simpler form.
To reduce a square (Mil.), to reform the line or column
from the square.
Syn: To diminish; lessen; decrease; abate; shorten; curtail;
impair; lower; subject; subdue; subjugate; conquer.
Meaning of REDUCE from wikipedia
-
Reduce is a general-purpose
computer algebra system geared towards applications in physics. The
development of the
Reduce computer algebra system was...
- Look up
reduce,
reduced, or
reduction in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Reduction,
reduced, or
reduce may
refer to:
Reduction (chemistry), part of a...
- Map
Reduce is a
programming model and an ****ociated
implementation for
processing and
generating big data sets with a
parallel and
distributed algorithm...
-
reducing flame is a
flame with
insufficient oxygen. It has an
opaque yellow or
orange color due to
carbon or
hydrocarbons which bind with (or
reduce)...
- In statistics, and
particularly in econometrics, the
reduced form of a
system of
equations is the
result of
solving the
system for the
endogenous variables...
- In thermodynamics, the
reduced properties of a
fluid are a set of
state variables scaled by the fluid's
state properties at its
critical point. These...
- In physics,
reduced m**** is a
measure of the
effective inertial m**** of a
system with two or more
particles when the
particles are
interacting with each...
- In chemistry, a
reducing agent (also
known as a reductant,
reducer, or
electron donor) is a
chemical species that "donates" an
electron to an electron...
- An
eccentric reducer is a ****ing used in
piping systems between two
pipes of
different diameters. The same ****ing can be used in
reverse as an eccentric...
- A
reducing sugar is any
sugar that is
capable of
acting as a
reducing agent. In an
alkaline solution, a
reducing sugar forms some
aldehyde or ketone, which...
