- the truth.
Three of
these are
almost universally accepted:
perception (
pratyakṣa),
inference (anumāna), and "word" (śabda),
meaning the
testimony of past...
- the
Nyaya school. Dignāga's
epistemology accepted only "perception" (
pratyaksa) and "inference" (anumāṇa) as
valid instruments of
knowledge and introduced...
-
described the five
epistemically reliable means to
gaining knowledge:
pratyakṣa or perception; anumāna or inference; upamāṇa,
comparison and analogy;...
-
accepts four out of six
pramanas as
reliable means of
gaining knowledge –
pratyakṣa (perception), anumāṇa (inference), upamāna (comparison and analogy) and...
- six
Pramanas as the
means of
gaining reliable knowledge.
These include Pratyakṣa (perception), Anumāṇa (inference) and
Sabda (Āptavacana, word/testimony...
- and to truths) are
noted within different Indian philsophical schools:
Pratyakṣa (perception), Anumāna (inference), Śabda or āgama "(word,
testimony of...
-
identify six pramāṇas as
correct means of
accurate knowledge and truths:
Pratyakṣa –
Direct perception Anumāṇa –
Inference or
indirect perception Upamāṇa...
- the only
reliable means of
gaining knowledge, as does yoga.
These are
pratyakṣa ('perception'), anumāṇa ('inference') and śabda (āptavacana, meaning,...
- the
following three pramanas are
accepted as
valid means of knowledge:
Pratyaksa —
knowledge gained by
means of perception.
Perception in this context...
-
Tapas Svādhyāya
Shaucha Mitahara Dāna
Sources of
dharma Epistemology Pratyakṣa (perception) Anumāṇa (inference) Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy) Arthāpatti...
