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Placozoa (/ˌplækəˈzoʊə/ PLAK-ə-ZOH-ə; lit. 'flat animals') is a
phylum of free-living (non-parasitic)
marine invertebrates. They are blob-like animals...
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divided into five infrakingdoms/superphyla,
namely Porifera, Ctenophora,
Placozoa,
Cnidaria and Bilateria. Most
living animal species belong to the infrakingdom...
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extinct sponges sometimes considered a
separate phylum. In
other cases,
Placozoa is included,
depending on the authors.
Porifera and
Archaeocyatha show...
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ParaHoxozoa (or Parahoxozoa) is a
clade of
animals that
consists of Bilateria,
Placozoa, and Cnidaria. The
relationship of
Parahoxozoa relative to the two other...
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considered a
synonym to ParaHoxozoa,
which also
contains Placozoa.
Within Planulozoa, the
Placozoa may be a
sister of
Cnidaria to the
exclusion of Bilateria...
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species in the
phylum Placozoa. The
others are
Hoilungia hongkongensis,
Polyplacotoma mediterranea and
Cladtertia collaboinventa.
Placozoa is a
basal group...
- (jellyfish, hydrozoans, sea
anemones and corals),
Ctenophora (comb jellies) and
Placozoa. They
rapidly diversified in the late
Ediacaran and the Cambrian, and are...
- (sponges). The
basal eumetazoan clades are the
Ctenophora and the ParaHoxozoa.
Placozoa is now also seen as a
eumetazoan in the ParaHoxozoa. The
competing hypothesis...
- Schierwater,
Bernd (2022-12-08). "Phylogenomics and the
first higher taxonomy of
Placozoa, an
ancient and
enigmatic animal phylum".
Frontiers in
Ecology and Evolution...
- Cavalier-Smith, in 1983,
redefined Radiata as a
subkingdom consisting of Myxozoa,
Placozoa,
Cnidaria and Ctenophora. Lynn
Margulis and K. V.
Schwartz later redefined...
