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allocated into two categories: Quinquegrade, quinquigrade,
quinquagrade or
pentagrade verbs (五段動詞, godan-dōshi)
Unigrade or
monograde verbs (一段動詞, ichidan-dōshi)...
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Vance (2008) and
Shiro Kori (2020), here are the
patterns for the 連用形 of
pentagrade verbs without a
trailing particle or auxiliary: のる → のり(乗り) はなꜜす → はなꜜし(話し)...
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verbs (五段動詞, godan-dōshi, literally: "five‑row verbs"), also
known as "
pentagrade verbs"
Ichidan verbs (一段動詞, ichidan-dōshi, literally: "one‑row verbs")...