-
Pa****e (sing. pa****; also
occasionally papulla, papullae), also
known as
dermal branchiae or skin gills, are
projections of the
coelom of Asteroidea...
-
pedicellariae to
capture small fish and crustaceans.
There may also be
pa****e, thin-walled
protrusions of the body
cavity that
reach through the body...
-
These are
covered by a
membrane with
numerous raised projections called pa****e, some
small spines and a few
large triangular pedicellariae, wrench-like...
-
spines -these
pedicellariae have tiny,
rubbery stalks known as pedicels.
Pa****e are also present. All
species normally have five arms. Internally, the...
- free from
spines or
pedicellariae but with
scattered groups of
pa****e.
There are no
pa****e or
pedicellariae on the oral
surface and the tube feet are always...
- urchins) is
carried out
using a very
primitive version of
gills called pa****e.
These thin
protuberances on the
surface of the body
contain diverticula...
- of the
aboral (upper)
surface of the arms with low, soft
mounds called pa****e on
either side. The oral (lower)
surfaces of the arms have rows of small...
- any
respiratory pigment.
Gaseous exchange occurs via
dermal branchiae or
pa****e in starfish,
genital bursae in
brittle stars,
peristominal gills in sea...
- of the disc.
Pa****e The
pa****e are
small are
small gills on the rays and disc.
Waste ammonia is
transported to the tips of the
pa****e using phagocytic...
-
Pedicellariae are not
present and the pa****r
spaces are
large with
several small pa****e. The
marginal plates are in
regular series, with
tufts of short, needle-shaped...
