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Apparent horizon Apparent Ap*par"ent, a. [F. apparent, L. apparens, -entis, p.
pr. of apparere. See Appear.]
1. Capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view;
visible to the eye; within sight or view.
The moon . . . apparent queen. --Milton.
2. Clear or manifest to the understanding; plain; evident;
obvious; known; palpable; indubitable.
It is apparent foul play. --Shak.
3. Appearing to the eye or mind (distinguished from, but not
necessarily opposed to, true or real); seeming; as the
apparent motion or diameter of the sun.
To live on terms of civility, and even of apparent
friendship. --Macaulay.
What Berkeley calls visible magnitude was by
astronomers called apparent magnitude. --Reid.
Apparent horizon, the circle which in a level plain bounds
our view, and is formed by the apparent meeting of the
earth and heavens, as distinguished from the rational
horizon.
Apparent time. See Time.
Heir apparent (Law), one whose to an estate is indefeasible
if he survives the ancestor; -- in distinction from
presumptive heir. See Presumptive.
Syn: Visible; distinct; plain; obvious; clear; certain;
evident; manifest; indubitable; notorious.
Artificial horizon Artificial Ar`ti*fi"cial, a. [L. artificialis, fr. artificium:
cf. F. artificiel. See Artifice.]
1. Made or contrived by art; produced or modified by human
skill and labor, in opposition to natural; as, artificial
heat or light, gems, salts, minerals, fountains, flowers.
Artificial strife Lives in these touches, livelier
than life. --Shak.
2. Feigned; fictitious; assumed; affected; not genuine.
``Artificial tears.' --Shak.
3. Artful; cunning; crafty. [Obs.] --Shak.
4. Cultivated; not indigenous; not of spontaneous growth; as,
artificial grasses. --Gibbon.
Artificial arguments (Rhet.), arguments invented by the
speaker, in distinction from laws, authorities, and the
like, which are called inartificial arguments or proofs.
--Johnson.
Artificial classification (Science), an arrangement based
on superficial characters, and not expressing the true
natural relations species; as, ``the artificial system'
in botany, which is the same as the Linn[ae]an system.
Artificial horizon. See under Horizon.
Artificial light, any light other than that which proceeds
from the heavenly bodies.
Artificial lines, lines on a sector or scale, so contrived
as to represent the logarithmic sines and tangents, which,
by the help of the line of numbers, solve, with tolerable
exactness, questions in trigonometry, navigation, etc.
Artificial numbers, logarithms.
Artificial person (Law). See under Person.
Artificial sines, tangents, etc., the same as logarithms
of the natural sines, tangents, etc. --Hutton.
Dip of the horizon Dip Dip, n.
1. The action of dipping or plunging for a moment into a
liquid. ``The dip of oars in unison.' --Glover.
2. Inclination downward; direction below a horizontal line;
slope; pitch.
3. A liquid, as a sauce or gravy, served at table with a
ladle or spoon. [Local, U.S.] --Bartlett.
4. A dipped candle. [Colloq.] --Marryat.
Dip of the horizon (Astron.), the angular depression of the
seen or visible horizon below the true or natural horizon;
the angle at the eye of an observer between a horizontal
line and a tangent drawn from the eye to the surface of
the ocean.
Dip of the needle, or Magnetic dip, the angle formed, in
a vertical plane, by a freely suspended magnetic needle,
or the line of magnetic force, with a horizontal line; --
called also inclination.
Dip of a stratum (Geol.), its greatest angle of inclination
to the horizon, or that of a line perpendicular to its
direction or strike; -- called also the pitch.
equator ecliptic horizon Axis Ax"is, n.; pl. Axes. [L. axis axis, axle. See Axle.]
A straight line, real or imaginary, passing through a body,
on which it revolves, or may be supposed to revolve; a line
passing through a body or system around which the parts are
symmetrically arranged.
2. (Math.) A straight line with respect to which the
different parts of a magnitude are symmetrically arranged;
as, the axis of a cylinder, i. e., the axis of a cone,
that is, the straight line joining the vertex and the
center of the base; the axis of a circle, any straight
line passing through the center.
3. (Bot.) The stem; the central part, or longitudinal
support, on which organs or parts are arranged; the
central line of any body. --Gray.
4. (Anat.)
(a) The second vertebra of the neck, or vertebra
dentata.
(b) Also used of the body only of the vertebra, which is
prolonged anteriorly within the foramen of the first
vertebra or atlas, so as to form the odontoid process
or peg which serves as a pivot for the atlas and head
to turn upon.
5. (Crystallog.) One of several imaginary lines, assumed in
describing the position of the planes by which a crystal
is bounded.
6. (Fine Arts) The primary or secondary central line of any
design.
Anticlinal axis (Geol.), a line or ridge from which the
strata slope downward on the two opposite sides.
Synclinal axis, a line from which the strata slope upward
in opposite directions, so as to form a valley.
Axis cylinder (Anat.), the neuraxis or essential, central
substance of a nerve fiber; -- called also axis band,
axial fiber, and cylinder axis.
Axis in peritrochio, the wheel and axle, one of the
mechanical powers.
Axis of a curve (Geom.), a straight line which bisects a
system of parallel chords of a curve; called a principal
axis, when cutting them at right angles, in which case it
divides the curve into two symmetrical portions, as in the
parabola, which has one such axis, the ellipse, which has
two, or the circle, which has an infinite number. The two
axes of the ellipse are the major axis and the minor
axis, and the two axes of the hyperbola are the
transverse axis and the conjugate axis.
Axis of a lens, the straight line passing through its
center and perpendicular to its surfaces.
Axis of atelescope or microscope, the straight line with
which coincide the axes of the several lenses which
compose it.
Axes of co["o]rdinates in a plane, two straight lines
intersecting each other, to which points are referred for
the purpose of determining their relative position: they
are either rectangular or oblique.
Axes of co["o]rdinates in space, the three straight lines
in which the co["o]rdinate planes intersect each other.
Axis of a balance, that line about which it turns.
Axis of oscillation, of a pendulum, a right line passing
through the center about which it vibrates, and
perpendicular to the plane of vibration.
Axis of polarization, the central line around which the
prismatic rings or curves are arranged. --Brewster.
Axis of revolution (Descriptive Geom.), a straight line
about which some line or plane is revolved, so that the
several points of the line or plane shall describe circles
with their centers in the fixed line, and their planes
perpendicular to it, the line describing a surface of
revolution, and the plane a solid of revolution.
Axis of symmetry (Geom.), any line in a plane figure which
divides the figure into two such parts that one part, when
folded over along the axis, shall coincide with the other
part.
Axis of theequator, ecliptic, horizon (or other circle
considered with reference to the sphere on which it lies),
the diameter of the sphere which is perpendicular to the
plane of the circle. --Hutton.
Axis of the Ionic capital (Arch.), a line passing
perpendicularly through the middle of the eye of the
volute.
Neutral axis (Mech.), the line of demarcation between the
horizontal elastic forces of tension and compression,
exerted by the fibers in any cross section of a girder.
Optic axis of a crystal, the direction in which a ray of
transmitted light suffers no double refraction. All
crystals, not of the isometric system, are either uniaxial
or biaxial.
Optic axis, Visual axis (Opt.), the straight line passing
through the center of the pupil, and perpendicular to the
surface of the eye.
Radical axis of two circles (Geom.), the straight line
perpendicular to the line joining their centers and such
that the tangents from any point of it to the two circles
shall be equal to each other.
Spiral axis (Arch.), the axis of a twisted column drawn
spirally in order to trace the circumvolutions without.
Axis of abscissas and Axis of ordinates. See Abscissa.
horizontal fault Fault Fault, n.
1. (Elec.) A defective point in an electric circuit due to a
crossing of the parts of the conductor, or to contact with
another conductor or the earth, or to a break in the
circuit.
2. (Geol. & Mining) A dislocation caused by a slipping of
rock masses along a plane of facture; also, the dislocated
structure resulting from such slipping.
Note: The surface along which the dislocated masses have
moved is called the
fault plane. When this plane is vertical, the fault is a
vertical fault; when its inclination is such that the
present relative position of the two masses could have
been produced by the sliding down, along the fault plane,
of the mass on its upper side, the fault is a
normal, or gravity, fault. When the fault plane is so
inclined that the mass on its upper side has moved up
relatively, the fault is then called a
reverse (or reversed), thrust, or overthrust,
fault. If no vertical displacement has resulted, the fault
is then called a
horizontal fault. The linear extent of the dislocation
measured on the fault plane and in the direction of
movement is the
displacement; the vertical displacement is the
throw; the horizontal displacement is the
heave. The direction of the line of intersection of the
fault plane with a horizontal plane is the
trend of the fault. A fault is a
strike fault when its trend coincides approximately with
the strike of associated strata (i.e., the line of
intersection of the plane of the strata with a horizontal
plane); it is a
dip fault when its trend is at right angles to the strike;
an
oblique fault when its trend is oblique to the strike.
Oblique faults and dip faults are sometimes called
cross faults. A series of closely associated parallel
faults are sometimes called
step faults and sometimes
distributive faults.
Horizontal training Training Train"ing, n.
The act of one who trains; the act or process of exercising,
disciplining, etc.; education.
Fan training (Hort.), the operation of training fruit
trees, grapevines, etc., so that the branches shall
radiate from the stem like a fan.
Horizontal training (Hort.), the operation of training
fruit trees, grapevines, etc., so that the branches shall
spread out laterally in a horizontal direction.
Training college. See Normal school, under Normal, a.
Training day, a day on which a military company assembles
for drill or parade. [U. S.]
Training ship, a vessel on board of which boys are trained
as sailors.
Syn: See Education.
Horizontally Horizontally Hor`i*zon"tal*ly, adv.
In a horizontal direction or position; on a level; as, moving
horizontally.
Plano-horizontal Plano-horizontal Pla"no-hor`i*zon"tal, a. [Plano- +
horizontal.]
Having a level horizontal surface or position. --Lee.
Quicksilver horizon Quicksilver Quick"sil`ver, n. [Quick living + silver; -- so
called from its fluidity; cf. G. quecksilber, L. argentum
vivum. See Quick, a.] (Chem.)
The metal mercury; -- so called from its resemblance to
liquid silver.
Quicksilver horizon, a mercurial artificial horizon. See
under Horizon.
Quicksilver water, a solution of mercury nitrate used in
artificial silvering; quick water.
Rational horizon Rational Ra"tion*al, a. [L. rationalis: cf. F. rationnel. See
Ratio, Reason, and cf. Rationale.]
1. Relating to reason; not physical; mental.
Moral philosophy was his chiefest end; for the
rational, the natural, and mathematics . . . were
but simple pastimes in comparison of the other.
--Sir T.
North.
2. Having reason, or the faculty of reasoning; endowed with
reason or understanding; reasoning.
It is our glory and happiness to have a rational
nature. --Law.
3. Agreeable to reason; not absurd, preposterous,
extravagant, foolish, fanciful, or the like; wise;
judicious; as, rational conduct; a rational man.
4. (Chem.) Expressing the type, structure, relations, and
reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of formul[ae].
See under Formula.
Rational horizon. (Astron.) See Horizon, 2
(b) .
Rational quantity (Alg.), one that can be expressed without
the use of a radical sign, or in extract parts of unity;
-- opposed to irrational or radical quantity.
Rational symptom (Med.), one elicited by the statements of
the patient himself and not as the result of a physical
examination.
Sensible horizon Sensible Sen"si*ble, a. [F., fr. L. sensibilis, fr. sensus
sense.]
1. Capable of being perceived by the senses; apprehensible
through the bodily organs; hence, also, perceptible to the
mind; making an impression upon the sense, reason, or
understanding; ?????? heat; sensible resistance.
Air is sensible to the touch by its motion.
--Arbuthnot.
The disgrace was more sensible than the pain. --Sir
W. Temple.
Any very sensible effect upon the prices of things.
--A. Smith.
2. Having the capacity of receiving impressions from external
objects; capable of perceiving by the instrumentality of
the proper organs; liable to be affected physsically or
mentally; impressible.
Would your cambric were sensible as your finger.
--Shak.
3. Hence: Liable to impression from without; easily affected;
having nice perception or acute feeling; sensitive; also,
readily moved or affected by natural agents; delicate; as,
a sensible thermometer. ``With affection wondrous
sensible.' --Shak.
4. Perceiving or having perception, either by the senses or
the mind; cognizant; perceiving so clearly as to be
convinced; satisfied; persuaded.
He [man] can not think at any time, waking or
sleeping, without being sensible of it. --Locke.
They are now sensible it would have been better to
comply than to refuse. --Addison.
5. Having moral perception; capable of being affected by
moral good or evil.
6. Possessing or containing sense or reason; giftedwith, or
characterized by, good or common sense; intelligent; wise.
Now a sensible man, by and by a fool. --Shak.
Sensible note or tone (Mus.), the major seventh note of
any scale; -- so called because, being but a half step
below the octave, or key tone, and naturally leading up to
that, it makes the ear sensible of its approaching sound.
Called also the leading tone.
Sensible horizon. See Horizon, n., 2.
(a) .
Syn: Intelligent; wise.
Usage: Sensible, Intelligent. We call a man sensible
whose judgments and conduct are marked and governed by
sound judgment or good common semse. We call one
intelligent who is quick and clear in his
understanding, i. e., who discriminates readily and
nicely in respect to difficult and important
distinction. The sphere of the sensible man lies in
matters of practical concern; of the intelligent man,
in subjects of intellectual interest. ``I have been
tired with accounts from sensible men, furnished with
matters of fact which have happened within their own
knowledge.' --Addison. ``Trace out numerous footsteps
. . . of a most wise and intelligent architect
throughout all this stupendous fabric.' --Woodward.
Visible horizon Visible Vis"i*ble, a. [L. visibilis, fr. videre, visum, to
see: cf. F. visible. See Vision.]
1. Perceivable by the eye; capable of being seen;
perceptible; in view; as, a visible star; the least spot
is visible on white paper.
Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible
and invisible. --Bk. of Com.
Prayer.
Virtue made visible in outward grace. --Young.
2. Noticeable; apparent; open; conspicuous. --Shak.
The factions at court were greater, or more visible,
than before. --Clarendon.
Visible church (Theol.), the apparent church of Christ on
earth; the whole body of professed believers in Christ, as
contradistinguished from the invisible, or real, church,
consisting of sanctified persons.
Visible horizon. Same as Apparent horizon, under
Apparent. -- Vis"i*ble*ness, n. -- Vis"i*bly, adv.
