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AbsolutionAbsolution Ab`so*lu"tion, n. [F. absolution, L. absolutio, fr.
absolvere to absolve. See Absolve.]
1. An absolving, or setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty;
forgiveness of an offense. ``Government . . . granting
absolution to the nation.' --Froude.
2. (Civil Law) An acquittal, or sentence of a judge declaring
and accused person innocent. [Obs.]
3. (R. C. Ch.) The exercise of priestly jurisdiction in the
sacrament of penance, by which Catholics believe the sins
of the truly penitent are forgiven.
Note: In the English and other Protestant churches, this act
regarded as simply declaratory, not as imparting
forgiveness.
4. (Eccl.) An absolving from ecclesiastical penalties, -- for
example, excommunication. --P. Cyc.
5. The form of words by which a penitent is absolved.
--Shipley.
6. Delivery, in speech. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Absolution day (R. C. Ch.), Tuesday before Easter. Absolution dayAbsolution Ab`so*lu"tion, n. [F. absolution, L. absolutio, fr.
absolvere to absolve. See Absolve.]
1. An absolving, or setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty;
forgiveness of an offense. ``Government . . . granting
absolution to the nation.' --Froude.
2. (Civil Law) An acquittal, or sentence of a judge declaring
and accused person innocent. [Obs.]
3. (R. C. Ch.) The exercise of priestly jurisdiction in the
sacrament of penance, by which Catholics believe the sins
of the truly penitent are forgiven.
Note: In the English and other Protestant churches, this act
regarded as simply declaratory, not as imparting
forgiveness.
4. (Eccl.) An absolving from ecclesiastical penalties, -- for
example, excommunication. --P. Cyc.
5. The form of words by which a penitent is absolved.
--Shipley.
6. Delivery, in speech. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Absolution day (R. C. Ch.), Tuesday before Easter. Absolutism
Absolutism Ab"so*lu`tism, n.
1. The state of being absolute; the system or doctrine of the
absolute; the principles or practice of absolute or
arbitrary government; despotism.
The element of absolutism and prelacy was
controlling. --Palfrey.
2. (Theol.) Doctrine of absolute decrees. --Ash.
Absolutist
Absolutist Ab"so*lu`tist, a.
Of or pertaining to absolutism; arbitrary; despotic; as,
absolutist principles.
Absolutist
Absolutist Ab"so*lu`tist, n.
1. One who is in favor of an absolute or autocratic
government.
2. (Metaph.) One who believes that it is possible to realize
a cognition or concept of the absolute. --Sir. W.
Hamilton.
Absolutistic
Absolutistic Ab`so*lu*tis"tic, a.
Pertaining to absolutism; absolutist.
Advolution
Advolution Ad`vo*lu"tion, n. [L. advolvere, advolutum, to roll
to.]
A rolling toward something. [R.]
Anomalistic revolutionAnomalistic A*nom`a*lis"tic, Anomalistical
A*nom`a*lis"tic*al, a. [Cf. F. anomalistique.]
1. Irregular; departing from common or established rules.
2. (Astron.) Pertaining to the anomaly, or angular distance
of a planet from its perihelion.
Anomalistic month. See under Month.
Anomalistic revolution, the period in which a planet or
satellite goes through the complete cycles of its changes
of anomaly, or from any point in its elliptic orbit to the
same again.
Anomalistic, or Periodical year. See under Year. Axis of revolutionAxis Ax"is, n.; pl. Axes. [L. axis axis, axle. See Axle.]
A straight line, real or imaginary, passing through a body,
on which it revolves, or may be supposed to revolve; a line
passing through a body or system around which the parts are
symmetrically arranged.
2. (Math.) A straight line with respect to which the
different parts of a magnitude are symmetrically arranged;
as, the axis of a cylinder, i. e., the axis of a cone,
that is, the straight line joining the vertex and the
center of the base; the axis of a circle, any straight
line passing through the center.
3. (Bot.) The stem; the central part, or longitudinal
support, on which organs or parts are arranged; the
central line of any body. --Gray.
4. (Anat.)
(a) The second vertebra of the neck, or vertebra
dentata.
(b) Also used of the body only of the vertebra, which is
prolonged anteriorly within the foramen of the first
vertebra or atlas, so as to form the odontoid process
or peg which serves as a pivot for the atlas and head
to turn upon.
5. (Crystallog.) One of several imaginary lines, assumed in
describing the position of the planes by which a crystal
is bounded.
6. (Fine Arts) The primary or secondary central line of any
design.
Anticlinal axis (Geol.), a line or ridge from which the
strata slope downward on the two opposite sides.
Synclinal axis, a line from which the strata slope upward
in opposite directions, so as to form a valley.
Axis cylinder (Anat.), the neuraxis or essential, central
substance of a nerve fiber; -- called also axis band,
axial fiber, and cylinder axis.
Axis in peritrochio, the wheel and axle, one of the
mechanical powers.
Axis of a curve (Geom.), a straight line which bisects a
system of parallel chords of a curve; called a principal
axis, when cutting them at right angles, in which case it
divides the curve into two symmetrical portions, as in the
parabola, which has one such axis, the ellipse, which has
two, or the circle, which has an infinite number. The two
axes of the ellipse are the major axis and the minor
axis, and the two axes of the hyperbola are the
transverse axis and the conjugate axis.
Axis of a lens, the straight line passing through its
center and perpendicular to its surfaces.
Axis of a telescope or microscope, the straight line with
which coincide the axes of the several lenses which
compose it.
Axes of co["o]rdinates in a plane, two straight lines
intersecting each other, to which points are referred for
the purpose of determining their relative position: they
are either rectangular or oblique.
Axes of co["o]rdinates in space, the three straight lines
in which the co["o]rdinate planes intersect each other.
Axis of a balance, that line about which it turns.
Axis of oscillation, of a pendulum, a right line passing
through the center about which it vibrates, and
perpendicular to the plane of vibration.
Axis of polarization, the central line around which the
prismatic rings or curves are arranged. --Brewster.
Axis of revolution (Descriptive Geom.), a straight line
about which some line or plane is revolved, so that the
several points of the line or plane shall describe circles
with their centers in the fixed line, and their planes
perpendicular to it, the line describing a surface of
revolution, and the plane a solid of revolution.
Axis of symmetry (Geom.), any line in a plane figure which
divides the figure into two such parts that one part, when
folded over along the axis, shall coincide with the other
part.
Axis of the equator, ecliptic, horizon (or other circle
considered with reference to the sphere on which it lies),
the diameter of the sphere which is perpendicular to the
plane of the circle. --Hutton.
Axis of the Ionic capital (Arch.), a line passing
perpendicularly through the middle of the eye of the
volute.
Neutral axis (Mech.), the line of demarcation between the
horizontal elastic forces of tension and compression,
exerted by the fibers in any cross section of a girder.
Optic axis of a crystal, the direction in which a ray of
transmitted light suffers no double refraction. All
crystals, not of the isometric system, are either uniaxial
or biaxial.
Optic axis, Visual axis (Opt.), the straight line passing
through the center of the pupil, and perpendicular to the
surface of the eye.
Radical axis of two circles (Geom.), the straight line
perpendicular to the line joining their centers and such
that the tangents from any point of it to the two circles
shall be equal to each other.
Spiral axis (Arch.), the axis of a twisted column drawn
spirally in order to trace the circumvolutions without.
Axis of abscissas and Axis of ordinates. See Abscissa. Banana solution
Banana solution Ba*na"na so*lu"tion
A solution used as a vehicle in applying bronze pigments. In
addition to acetote, benzine, and a little pyroxylin, it
contains amyl acetate, which gives it the odor of bananas.
CircumvolutionCircumvolution Cir`cum*vo*lu"tion, n. [See Circumvolve.]
1. The act of rolling round; the state of being rolled.
2. A thing rolled round another. --Arbuthnot.
3. A roundabout procedure; a circumlocution.
He had neither time nor temper for sentimental
circumvolutions. --Beaconsfield. Counter revolutionCounter Coun"ter, a.
Contrary; opposite; contrasted; opposed; adverse;
antagonistic; as, a counter current; a counter revolution; a
counter poison; a counter agent; counter fugue. ``Innumerable
facts attesting the counter principle.' --I. Taylor.
Counter approach (Fort.), a trench or work pushed forward
from defensive works to meet the approaches of besiegers.
See Approach.
Counter bond (Law), in old practice, a bond to secure one
who has given bond for another.
Counter brace. See Counter brace, in Vocabulary.
Counter deed (Law), a secret writing which destroys,
invalidates, or alters, a public deed.
Counter distinction, contradistinction. [Obs.]
Counter drain, a drain at the foot of the embankment of a
canal or watercourse, for carrying off the water that may
soak through.
Counter extension (Surg.), the fixation of the upper part
of a limb, while extension is practiced on the lower part,
as in cases of luxation or fracture.
Counter fissure (Surg.) Same as Contrafissure.
Counter indication. (Med.) Same as Contraindication.
Counter irritant (Med.), an irritant to produce a blister,
a pustular eruption, or other irritation in some part of
the body, in order to relieve an existing irritation in
some other part. ``Counter irritants are of as great use
in moral as in physical diseases.' --Macaulay.
Counter irritation (Med.), the act or the result of
applying a counter irritant.
Counter opening, an aperture or vent on the opposite side,
or in a different place.
Counter parole (Mil.), a word in addition to the password,
given in time of alarm as a signal.
Counter plea (Law), a replication to a plea. --Cowell.
Counter pressure, force or pressure that acts in a contrary
direction to some other opposing pressure.
Counter project, a project, scheme, or proposal brought
forward in opposition to another, as in the negotiation of
a treaty. --Swift.
Counter proof, in engraving, a print taken off from another
just printed, which, by being passed through the press,
gives a copy in reverse, and of course in the same
position as that of plate from which the first was
printed, the object being to enable the engraver to
inspect the state of the plate.
Counter revolution, a revolution opposed to a former one,
and restoring a former state of things.
Counter revolutionist, one engaged in, or befriending, a
counter revolution.
Counter round (Mil.), a body of officers whose duty it is
to visit and inspect the rounds and sentinels.
Counter sea (Naut.), a sea running in an opposite direction
from the wind.
Counter sense, opposite meaning.
Counter signal, a signal to answer or correspond to
another.
Counter signature, the name of a secretary or other officer
countersigned to a writing. --Tooke.
Counter slope, an overhanging slope; as, a wall with a
counter slope. --Mahan.
Counter statement, a statement made in opposition to, or
denial of, another statement.
Counter surety, a counter bond, or a surety to secure one
who has given security.
Counter tally, a tally corresponding to another.
Counter tide, contrary tide. Counter revolutionistCounter Coun"ter, a.
Contrary; opposite; contrasted; opposed; adverse;
antagonistic; as, a counter current; a counter revolution; a
counter poison; a counter agent; counter fugue. ``Innumerable
facts attesting the counter principle.' --I. Taylor.
Counter approach (Fort.), a trench or work pushed forward
from defensive works to meet the approaches of besiegers.
See Approach.
Counter bond (Law), in old practice, a bond to secure one
who has given bond for another.
Counter brace. See Counter brace, in Vocabulary.
Counter deed (Law), a secret writing which destroys,
invalidates, or alters, a public deed.
Counter distinction, contradistinction. [Obs.]
Counter drain, a drain at the foot of the embankment of a
canal or watercourse, for carrying off the water that may
soak through.
Counter extension (Surg.), the fixation of the upper part
of a limb, while extension is practiced on the lower part,
as in cases of luxation or fracture.
Counter fissure (Surg.) Same as Contrafissure.
Counter indication. (Med.) Same as Contraindication.
Counter irritant (Med.), an irritant to produce a blister,
a pustular eruption, or other irritation in some part of
the body, in order to relieve an existing irritation in
some other part. ``Counter irritants are of as great use
in moral as in physical diseases.' --Macaulay.
Counter irritation (Med.), the act or the result of
applying a counter irritant.
Counter opening, an aperture or vent on the opposite side,
or in a different place.
Counter parole (Mil.), a word in addition to the password,
given in time of alarm as a signal.
Counter plea (Law), a replication to a plea. --Cowell.
Counter pressure, force or pressure that acts in a contrary
direction to some other opposing pressure.
Counter project, a project, scheme, or proposal brought
forward in opposition to another, as in the negotiation of
a treaty. --Swift.
Counter proof, in engraving, a print taken off from another
just printed, which, by being passed through the press,
gives a copy in reverse, and of course in the same
position as that of plate from which the first was
printed, the object being to enable the engraver to
inspect the state of the plate.
Counter revolution, a revolution opposed to a former one,
and restoring a former state of things.
Counter revolutionist, one engaged in, or befriending, a
counter revolution.
Counter round (Mil.), a body of officers whose duty it is
to visit and inspect the rounds and sentinels.
Counter sea (Naut.), a sea running in an opposite direction
from the wind.
Counter sense, opposite meaning.
Counter signal, a signal to answer or correspond to
another.
Counter signature, the name of a secretary or other officer
countersigned to a writing. --Tooke.
Counter slope, an overhanging slope; as, a wall with a
counter slope. --Mahan.
Counter statement, a statement made in opposition to, or
denial of, another statement.
Counter surety, a counter bond, or a surety to secure one
who has given security.
Counter tally, a tally corresponding to another.
Counter tide, contrary tide. DissolutionDissolution Dis`so*lu"tion, n. [OE. dissolucioun
dissoluteness, F. dissolution, fr. L. dissolutio, fr.
dissolvere. See Dissolve.]
1. The act of dissolving, sundering, or separating into
component parts; separation.
Dissolutions of ancient amities. --Shak.
2. Change from a solid to a fluid state; solution by heat or
moisture; liquefaction; melting.
3. Change of form by chemical agency; decomposition;
resolution.
The dissolution of the compound. --South.
4. The dispersion of an assembly by terminating its sessions;
the breaking up of a partnership.
Dissolution is the civil death of Parliament.
--Blackstone.
5. The extinction of life in the human body; separation of
the soul from the body; death.
We expected Immediate dissolution. --Milton.
6. The state of being dissolved, or of undergoing
liquefaction.
A man of continual dissolution and thaw. --Shak.
7. The new product formed by dissolving a body; a solution.
--Bacon.
8. Destruction of anything by the separation of its parts;
ruin.
To make a present dissolution of the world.
--Hooker.
9. Corruption of morals; dissipation; dissoluteness. [Obs. or
R.] --Atterbury. Ellipsoid of revolutionEllipsoid El*lip"soid, n. [Ellipse + -oid: cf. F. ellipsoide.]
(Geom.)
A solid, all plane sections of which are ellipses or circles.
See Conoid, n., 2
(a) .
Note: The ellipsoid has three principal plane sections, a, b,
and c, each at right angles to the other two, and each
dividing the solid into two equal and symmetrical
parts. The lines of meeting of these principal sections
are the axes, or principal diameters of the ellipsoid.
The point where the three planes meet is the center.
Ellipsoid of revolution, a spheroid; a solid figure
generated by the revolution of an ellipse about one of its
axes. It is called a prolate spheroid, or prolatum, when
the ellipse is revolved about the major axis, and an
oblate spheroid, or oblatum, when it is revolved about the
minor axis. EvolutilityEvolutility Ev`o*lu*til"i*ty, n. [See Evolution.] (Biol.)
The faculty possessed by all substances capable of
self-nourishment of manifesting the nutritive acts by changes
of form, of volume, or of structure. --Syd. Soc. Lex. Evolutional
Evolutional Ev`o*lu"tion*al, a.
Relating to evolution. ``Evolutional changes.' --H. Spenser.
Evolutionary
Evolutionary Ev`o*lu"tion*a*ry, a.
Relating to evolution; as, evolutionary discussions.
EvolutionismEvolutionism Ev`o*lu"tion*ism, n.
The theory of, or belief in, evolution. See Evolution, 6
and 7. Evolutionist
Evolutionist Ev`o*lu"tion*ist, n.
1. One skilled in evolutions.
2. one who holds the doctrine of evolution, either in biology
or in metaphysics. --Darwin.
ExolutionExolution Ex`o*lu"tion, n. [L. exolutio a release. See
Exolve.]
See Exsolution. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne. Exsolution
Exsolution Ex`so*lu"tion, n. [L. exsolutio a release.]
Relaxation. [R.] --Richardson (Dict. ).
Hyperboloid of revolutionHyperboloid Hy*per"bo*loid, n. [Hyperbola + -oid: cf. F.
hyperbolo["i]de.] (Geom.)
A surface of the second order, which is cut by certain planes
in hyperbolas; also, the solid, bounded in part by such a
surface.
Hyperboloid of revolution, an hyperboloid described by an
hyperbola revolving about one of its axes. The surface has
two separate sheets when the axis of revolution is the
transverse axis, but only one when the axis of revolution
is the conjugate axis of the hyperbola. Intervolution
Intervolution In`ter*vo*lu"tion, n.
The state of being intervolved or coiled up; a convolution;
as, the intervolutions of a snake. --Hawthorne.
Joint resolutionJoint Joint, a. [F., p. p. of joindre. See Join.]
1. Joined; united; combined; concerted; as joint action.
2. Involving the united activity of two or more; done or
produced by two or more working together.
I read this joint effusion twice over. --T. Hook.
3. United, joined, or sharing with another or with others;
not solitary in interest or action; holding in common with
an associate, or with associates; acting together; as,
joint heir; joint creditor; joint debtor, etc. ``Joint
tenants of the world.' --Donne.
4. Shared by, or affecting two or more; held in common; as,
joint property; a joint bond.
A joint burden laid upon us all. --Shak.
Joint committee (Parliamentary Practice), a committee
composed of members of the two houses of a legislative
body, for the appointment of which concurrent resolutions
of the two houses are necessary. --Cushing.
Joint meeting, or Joint session, the meeting or session
of two distinct bodies as one; as, a joint meeting of
committees representing different corporations; a joint
session of both branches of a State legislature to chose a
United States senator. ``Such joint meeting shall not be
dissolved until the electoral votes are all counted and
the result declared.' --Joint Rules of Congress, U. S.
Joint resolution (Parliamentary Practice), a resolution
adopted concurrently by the two branches of a legislative
body. ``By the constitution of the United States and the
rules of the two houses, no absolute distinction is made
between bills and joint resolutions.' --Barclay (Digest).
Joint rule (Parliamentary Practice), a rule of proceeding
adopted by the concurrent action of both branches of a
legislative assembly. ``Resolved, by the House of
Representatives (the Senate concurring), that the
sixteenth and seventeenth joint rules be suspended for the
remainder of the session.' --Journal H. of R., U. S.
Joint and several (Law), a phrase signifying that the debt,
credit, obligation, etc., to which it is applied is held
in such a way that the parties in interest are engaged
both together and individually thus a joint and several
debt is one for which all the debtors may be sued together
or either of them individually.
Joint stock, stock held in company.
Joint-stock company (Law), a species of partnership,
consisting generally of a large number of members, having
a capital divided, or agreed to be divided, into shares,
the shares owned by any member being usually transferable
without the consent of the rest.
Joint tenancy (Law), a tenure by two or more persons of
estate by unity of interest, title, time, and possession,
under which the survivor takes the whole. --Blackstone.
Joint tenant (Law), one who holds an estate by joint
tenancy. Mechanical solutionMechanical Me*chan"ic*al, a. [From Mechanic, a.]
1. Pertaining to, governed by, or in accordance with,
mechanics, or the laws of motion; pertaining to the
quantitative relations of force and matter, as
distinguished from mental, vital, chemical, etc.; as,
mechanical principles; a mechanical theory; mechanical
deposits.
2. Of or pertaining to a machine or to machinery or tools;
made or formed by a machine or with tools; as, mechanical
precision; mechanical products.
We have also divers mechanical arts. --Bacon.
3. Done as if by a machine; uninfluenced by will or emotion;
proceeding automatically, or by habit, without special
intention or reflection; as, mechanical singing;
mechanical verses; mechanical service.
4. Made and operated by interaction of forces without a
directing intelligence; as, a mechanical universe.
5. Obtained by trial, by measurements, etc.; approximate;
empirical. See the 2d Note under Geometric.
Mechanical effect, effective power; useful work exerted, as
by a machine, in a definite time.
Mechanical engineering. See the Note under Engineering.
Mechanical maneuvers (Mil.), the application of mechanical
appliances to the mounting, dismounting, and moving of
artillery. --Farrow.
Mechanical philosophy, the principles of mechanics applied
to the inverstigation of physical phenomena.
Mechanical powers, certain simple instruments, such as the
lever and its modifications (the wheel and axle and the
pulley), the inclined plane with its modifications (the
screw and the wedge), which convert a small force acting
through a great space into a great force acting through a
small space, or vice versa, and are used separately or in
combination.
Mechanical solution (Math.), a solution of a problem by any
art or contrivance not strictly geometrical, as by means
of the ruler and compasses, or other instruments. Nonsolution
Nonsolution Non`so*lu"tion, n.
Failure of solution or explanation.
of a surface of revolutionVertex Ver"tex, n.; pl. Vertexes, L. Vertices. [L. vertex,
-icis, a whirl, top of the head, top, summit, from vertere to
turn. See Verse, and cf. Vortex.]
A turning point; the principal or highest point; top; summit;
crown; apex. Specifically:
(a) (Anat.) The top, or crown, of the head.
(b) (Anat.) The zenith, or the point of the heavens directly
overhead.
(c) (Math.) The point in any figure opposite to, and farthest
from, the base; the terminating point of some particular
line or lines in a figure or a curve; the top, or the
point opposite the base.
Note: The principal vertex of a conic section is, in the
parabola, the vertex of the axis of the curve: in the
ellipse, either extremity of either axis, but usually
the left-hand vertex of the transverse axis; in the
hyperbola, either vertex, but usually the right-hand
vertex of the transverse axis.
Vertex of a curve (Math.), the point in which the axis of
the curve intersects it.
Vertex of an angle (Math.), the point in which the sides of
the angle meet.
Vertex of a solid, or of a surface of revolution (Math.),
the point in which the axis pierces the surface. Resolutioner
Resolutioner Res`o*lu"tion*er (-?r), n.
One who makes a resolution; one who joins with others in a
declaration or resolution; specifically, one of a party in
the Scottish Church in the 17th century.
He was sequestrated afterwards as a Resolutioner. --Sir
W. Scott.
Resolutionist
Resolutionist Res`o*lu"tion*ist, n.
One who makes a resolution.
Meaning of Oluti from wikipedia
