- can act as
nucleophiles.
Because nucleophiles donate electrons, they are
Lewis bases.
Nucleophilic describes the
affinity of a
nucleophile to bond with...
- "soft"
nucleophiles using a
paradigm for
describing nucleophiles that
largely rests on the pKas of
their conjugate acids. "Hard"
nucleophiles typically...
- acid.
Nucleophiles add
readily to the
carbonyl group. In the product, the
carbonyl carbon becomes sp3-hybridized,
being bonded to the
nucleophile, and...
-
Nucleophilic substitution reactions are
common in
organic chemistry.
Nucleophiles often attack a
saturated aliphatic carbon. Less often, they may attack...
-
polar protic solvents include water and alcohols,
which will also act as
nucleophiles, and the
process is
known as solvolysis. The Y
scale correlates solvolysis...
-
Esters react with
nucleophiles at the
carbonyl carbon. The
carbonyl is
weakly electrophilic but is
attacked by
strong nucleophiles (amines, alkoxides...
-
broadened to
include nucleophiles other than enolates. Some
examples of
nucleophiles include doubly stabilized carbon nucleophiles such as beta-ketoesters...
-
reaction of the
ester p-nitrophenyl
acetate with a
range of
nucleophiles.
Regular nucleophiles such as the
fluoride anion, aniline, pyridine,
ethylene diamine...
- of the
ester or amide. In an
aqueous base,
hydroxyl ions are
better nucleophiles than
polar molecules such as water. In acids, the
carbonyl group becomes...
-
atoms is the
hydroxy group. Both the
hydroxide ion and
hydroxy group are
nucleophiles and can act as
catalysts in
organic chemistry. Many
inorganic substances...
