-
increasingly conservative after taking the throne. In a
process known as
İstibdad,
Abdul Hamid reduced his
ministers to
acting as
secretaries and concentrated...
- al-Kawakibi (1854–1902) met al-Afghani,
Abduh and Rida. In his
books Ṭabāʾiʿ al-
istibdād ("The
nature of despotism") and Umm al-Qurā ("Mother of
villages [i.e....
-
Muslim land. The
reign of
Abdul Hamid II was
pejoratively referred to as
istibdad (despotism). His
reign struggled with the
culmination of 75
years of change...
-
implied target was clear. In one of his most
influential books Tabai al-
Istibdad wa-Masari al-Isti’bad (The
Nature of Despotism), he said that
tyranny violated...
- states. Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi (c. 1854–c.1902), in his book Taba'i' Al-
Istibdad (The
Characteristics of Tyranny),
discussed the
relationship between religion...
- الملوك: رواية ادبية غرامية اجتماعية, The
Misery of Kings), 1908
Ahwal al-
Istibdad (أهوال الاستبداد,
Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy's The
Terrors of Totalitarianism)...
-
parliament and the constitution. He
instead went on to rule as an
autocrat (
istibdâd as
marked by contemporaries,
although many
expressed longings for his old-fashioned...
- co-aut****d a do****ent with
Tarek El
Zomor entitled al-Badil al-Thalith
bayna al-
Istibdad wa-al-Istislam (The
Third Alternative between Despotism and Surrender)...
- Mamluk) 1892: Asir al-Mutamahdi (The
Captive of the
Mahdi Pretender) 1893:
Istibdad al-Mamalik (Despotism of the Mamluks) 1893:
Jihad al-Muhibbin 1896: Armansura...
-
September 2009, it
published a do****ent
entitled al-Badil al-Thalith
bayna al-
Istibdad wa-al-Istislam (The
Third Alternative between Despotism and Surrender)...
