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Axis of oscillationOscillation Os`cil*la"tion, n. [L. oscillatio a swinging.]
1. The act of oscillating; a swinging or moving backward and
forward, like a pendulum; vibration.
2. Fluctuation; variation; change back and forth.
His mind oscillated, undoubtedly; but the extreme
points of the oscillation were not very remote.
--Macaulay.
Axis of oscillation, Center of oscillation. See under
Axis, and Center. Axis of oscillationAxis Ax"is, n.; pl. Axes. [L. axis axis, axle. See Axle.]
A straight line, real or imaginary, passing through a body,
on which it revolves, or may be supposed to revolve; a line
passing through a body or system around which the parts are
symmetrically arranged.
2. (Math.) A straight line with respect to which the
different parts of a magnitude are symmetrically arranged;
as, the axis of a cylinder, i. e., the axis of a cone,
that is, the straight line joining the vertex and the
center of the base; the axis of a circle, any straight
line passing through the center.
3. (Bot.) The stem; the central part, or longitudinal
support, on which organs or parts are arranged; the
central line of any body. --Gray.
4. (Anat.)
(a) The second vertebra of the neck, or vertebra
dentata.
(b) Also used of the body only of the vertebra, which is
prolonged anteriorly within the foramen of the first
vertebra or atlas, so as to form the odontoid process
or peg which serves as a pivot for the atlas and head
to turn upon.
5. (Crystallog.) One of several imaginary lines, assumed in
describing the position of the planes by which a crystal
is bounded.
6. (Fine Arts) The primary or secondary central line of any
design.
Anticlinal axis (Geol.), a line or ridge from which the
strata slope downward on the two opposite sides.
Synclinal axis, a line from which the strata slope upward
in opposite directions, so as to form a valley.
Axis cylinder (Anat.), the neuraxis or essential, central
substance of a nerve fiber; -- called also axis band,
axial fiber, and cylinder axis.
Axis in peritrochio, the wheel and axle, one of the
mechanical powers.
Axis of a curve (Geom.), a straight line which bisects a
system of parallel chords of a curve; called a principal
axis, when cutting them at right angles, in which case it
divides the curve into two symmetrical portions, as in the
parabola, which has one such axis, the ellipse, which has
two, or the circle, which has an infinite number. The two
axes of the ellipse are the major axis and the minor
axis, and the two axes of the hyperbola are the
transverse axis and the conjugate axis.
Axis of a lens, the straight line passing through its
center and perpendicular to its surfaces.
Axis of a telescope or microscope, the straight line with
which coincide the axes of the several lenses which
compose it.
Axes of co["o]rdinates in a plane, two straight lines
intersecting each other, to which points are referred for
the purpose of determining their relative position: they
are either rectangular or oblique.
Axes of co["o]rdinates in space, the three straight lines
in which the co["o]rdinate planes intersect each other.
Axis of a balance, that line about which it turns.
Axis of oscillation, of a pendulum, a right line passing
through the center about which it vibrates, and
perpendicular to the plane of vibration.
Axis of polarization, the central line around which the
prismatic rings or curves are arranged. --Brewster.
Axis of revolution (Descriptive Geom.), a straight line
about which some line or plane is revolved, so that the
several points of the line or plane shall describe circles
with their centers in the fixed line, and their planes
perpendicular to it, the line describing a surface of
revolution, and the plane a solid of revolution.
Axis of symmetry (Geom.), any line in a plane figure which
divides the figure into two such parts that one part, when
folded over along the axis, shall coincide with the other
part.
Axis of the equator, ecliptic, horizon (or other circle
considered with reference to the sphere on which it lies),
the diameter of the sphere which is perpendicular to the
plane of the circle. --Hutton.
Axis of the Ionic capital (Arch.), a line passing
perpendicularly through the middle of the eye of the
volute.
Neutral axis (Mech.), the line of demarcation between the
horizontal elastic forces of tension and compression,
exerted by the fibers in any cross section of a girder.
Optic axis of a crystal, the direction in which a ray of
transmitted light suffers no double refraction. All
crystals, not of the isometric system, are either uniaxial
or biaxial.
Optic axis, Visual axis (Opt.), the straight line passing
through the center of the pupil, and perpendicular to the
surface of the eye.
Radical axis of two circles (Geom.), the straight line
perpendicular to the line joining their centers and such
that the tangents from any point of it to the two circles
shall be equal to each other.
Spiral axis (Arch.), the axis of a twisted column drawn
spirally in order to trace the circumvolutions without.
Axis of abscissas and Axis of ordinates. See Abscissa. Bipupillate
Bipupillate Bi*pu"pil*late, a. [Pref. bi- + pupil (of the
eye).] (Zo["o]l.)
Having an eyelike spot on the wing, with two dots within it
of a different color, as in some butterflies.
CantillateCantillate Can"til*late, v. i. [L. cantillatus, p. p. of
cantillare to sing low, dim. of cantare. See Cantata.]
To chant; to recite with musical tones. --M. Stuart. Cantillation
Cantillation Can`til*la"tion, n.
A chanting; recitation or reading with musical modulations.
Capillation
Capillation Cap`il*la"tion, n. [L. capillatio the hair.]
A capillary blood vessel. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Capillature
Capillature Ca*pil"la*ture, n. [L. capillatura.]
A bush of hair; frizzing of the hair. --Clarke.
Cavillation
Cavillation Cav`il*la"tion (-l[=a]"sh[u^]n), n.[F.
cavillation, L. cavillatio.]
Frivolous or sophistical objection. [Obs.] --Hooker.
Center of oscillationOscillation Os`cil*la"tion, n. [L. oscillatio a swinging.]
1. The act of oscillating; a swinging or moving backward and
forward, like a pendulum; vibration.
2. Fluctuation; variation; change back and forth.
His mind oscillated, undoubtedly; but the extreme
points of the oscillation were not very remote.
--Macaulay.
Axis of oscillation, Center of oscillation. See under
Axis, and Center. Center of oscillationCenter Cen"ter, n. [F. centre, fr. L. centrum, fr. round which
a circle is described, fr. ? to prick, goad.]
1. A point equally distant from the extremities of a line,
figure, or body, or from all parts of the circumference of
a circle; the middle point or place.
2. The middle or central portion of anything.
3. A principal or important point of concentration; the
nucleus around which things are gathered or to which they
tend; an object of attention, action, or force; as, a
center of attaction.
4. The earth. [Obs.] --Shak.
5. Those members of a legislative assembly (as in France) who
support the existing government. They sit in the middle of
the legislative chamber, opposite the presiding officer,
between the conservatives or monarchists, who sit on the
right of the speaker, and the radicals or advanced
republicans who occupy the seats on his left, See Right,
and Left.
6. (Arch.) A temporary structure upon which the materials of
a vault or arch are supported in position until the work
becomes self-supporting.
7. (Mech.)
(a) One of the two conical steel pins, in a lathe, etc.,
upon which the work is held, and about which it
revolves.
(b) A conical recess, or indentation, in the end of a
shaft or other work, to receive the point of a center,
on which the work can turn, as in a lathe.
Note: In a lathe the
live center is in the spindle of the head stock; the
dead center is on the tail stock.
Planer centers are stocks carrying centers, when the object
to be planed must be turned on its axis.
Center of an army, the body or troops occupying the place
in the line between the wings.
Center of a curve or surface (Geom.)
(a) A point such that every line drawn through the point
and terminated by the curve or surface is bisected at
the point.
(b) The fixed point of reference in polar co["o]rdinates.
See Co["o]rdinates.
Center of curvature of a curve (Geom.), the center of that
circle which has at any given point of the curve closer
contact with the curve than has any other circle whatever.
See Circle.
Center of a fleet, the division or column between the van
and rear, or between the weather division and the lee.
Center of gravity (Mech.), that point of a body about which
all its parts can be balanced, or which being supported,
the whole body will remain at rest, though acted upon by
gravity.
Center of gyration (Mech.), that point in a rotating body
at which the whole mass might be concentrated
(theoretically) without altering the resistance of the
intertia of the body to angular acceleration or
retardation.
Center of inertia (Mech.), the center of gravity of a body
or system of bodies.
Center of motion, the point which remains at rest, while
all the other parts of a body move round it.
Center of oscillation, the point at which, if the whole
matter of a suspended body were collected, the time of
oscillation would be the same as it is in the actual form
and state of the body.
Center of percussion, that point in a body moving about a
fixed axis at which it may strike an obstacle without
communicating a shock to the axis.
Center of pressure (Hydros.), that point in a surface
pressed by a fluid, at which, if a force equal to the
whole pressure and in the same line be applied in a
contrary direction, it will balance or counteract the
whole pressure of the fluid. Cynictis penicillataMeerkat Meer"kat, n. [D.] (Zo["o]l.)
A South African carnivore (Cynictis penicillata), allied to
the ichneumons. Destructive distillationDistillation Dis`til*la"tion, n. [F. distillation, L.
destillatio.]
1. The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in
drops.
2. That which falls in drops. [R.] --Johnson
3. (Chem.) The separation of the volatile parts of a
substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation
of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or
solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation
of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver,
alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization;
condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and
coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in
steam.
Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds,
and its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or
hail, is an illustration of natural distillation.
4. The substance extracted by distilling. --Shak.
Destructive distillation (Chem.), the distillation,
especially of complex solid substances, so that the
ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new
compounds, -- usually requiring a high degree of heat; as,
the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood.
Dry distillation, the distillation of substances by
themselves, or without the addition of water or of other
volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of citric acid.
Fractional distillation. (Chem.) See under Fractional. Distillate
Distillate Dis*till"ate, n. (Chem.)
The product of distillation; as, the distillate from
molasses.
DistillationDistillation Dis`til*la"tion, n. [F. distillation, L.
destillatio.]
1. The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in
drops.
2. That which falls in drops. [R.] --Johnson
3. (Chem.) The separation of the volatile parts of a
substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation
of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or
solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation
of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver,
alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization;
condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and
coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in
steam.
Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds,
and its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or
hail, is an illustration of natural distillation.
4. The substance extracted by distilling. --Shak.
Destructive distillation (Chem.), the distillation,
especially of complex solid substances, so that the
ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new
compounds, -- usually requiring a high degree of heat; as,
the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood.
Dry distillation, the distillation of substances by
themselves, or without the addition of water or of other
volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of citric acid.
Fractional distillation. (Chem.) See under Fractional. Distillatory
Distillatory Dis*til"la*to*ry, a. [Cf. F. distillatoire.]
Belonging to, or used in, distilling; as, distillatory
vessels. -- n. A distillatory apparatus; a still.
Dry distillationDistillation Dis`til*la"tion, n. [F. distillation, L.
destillatio.]
1. The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in
drops.
2. That which falls in drops. [R.] --Johnson
3. (Chem.) The separation of the volatile parts of a
substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation
of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or
solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation
of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver,
alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization;
condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and
coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in
steam.
Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds,
and its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or
hail, is an illustration of natural distillation.
4. The substance extracted by distilling. --Shak.
Destructive distillation (Chem.), the distillation,
especially of complex solid substances, so that the
ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new
compounds, -- usually requiring a high degree of heat; as,
the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood.
Dry distillation, the distillation of substances by
themselves, or without the addition of water or of other
volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of citric acid.
Fractional distillation. (Chem.) See under Fractional. Exarillate
Exarillate Ex*ar"il*late, a. [Pref. ex- + arillate.] (Bot.)
Having no aril; -- said of certain seeds, or of the plants
producing them.
Extillation
Extillation Ex`til*la"tion, n.
Distillation. [Obs.]
An exudation or extillation of petrifying juices.
--Derham.
Fibrillated
Fibrillated Fi"bril*la`ted (? or ?), a.
Furnished with fibrils; fringed.
Fibrillation
Fibrillation Fi`bril*la"tion, n.
The state of being reduced to fibers. --Carpenter.
FloccillationFloccillation Floc`cil*la"tion, n. [L. floccus a flock of
wool. Cf. Flock of wool.] (Med.)
A delirious picking of bedclothes by a sick person, as if to
pick off flocks of wool; carphology; -- an alarming symptom
in acute diseases. --Dunglison. Focillate
Focillate Foc"il*late, v. t. [L. focilatus, p. p. of
focillare.]
To nourish. [Obs.] --Blount.
Focillation
Focillation Foc`il*la"tion, n.
Comfort; support. [Obs.]
Fractional distillationDistillation Dis`til*la"tion, n. [F. distillation, L.
destillatio.]
1. The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in
drops.
2. That which falls in drops. [R.] --Johnson
3. (Chem.) The separation of the volatile parts of a
substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation
of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or
solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation
of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver,
alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization;
condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and
coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in
steam.
Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds,
and its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or
hail, is an illustration of natural distillation.
4. The substance extracted by distilling. --Shak.
Destructive distillation (Chem.), the distillation,
especially of complex solid substances, so that the
ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new
compounds, -- usually requiring a high degree of heat; as,
the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood.
Dry distillation, the distillation of substances by
themselves, or without the addition of water or of other
volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of citric acid.
Fractional distillation. (Chem.) See under Fractional. Fractional distillationFractional Frac"tion*al, a.
1. Of or pertaining to fractions or a fraction; constituting
a fraction; as, fractional numbers.
2. Relatively small; inconsiderable; insignificant; as, a
fractional part of the population.
Fractional crystallization (Chem.), a process of gradual
and approximate purification and separation, by means of
repeated solution and crystallization therefrom.
Fractional currency, small coin, or paper notes, in
circulation, of less value than the monetary unit.
Fractional distillation (Chem.), a process of distillation
so conducted that a mixture of liquids, differing
considerably from each other in their boiling points, can
be separated into its constituents. I verticillatumKnotwort Knot"wort (-w[^u]rt`), n. (Bot.)
A small, herbaceous, trailing plant, of the genus
Illecebrum (I. verticillatum). Ilex verticillataAlder Al"der ([add]l"d[~e]r), n. [OE. aldir, aller, fr. AS.
alr, aler, alor, akin to D. els, G. erle, Icel. erlir, erli,
Swed. al, Dan. elle, el, L. alnus, and E. elm.] (Bot.)
A tree, usually growing in moist land, and belonging to the
genus Alnus. The wood is used by turners, etc.; the bark by
dyers and tanners. In the U. S. the species of alder are
usually shrubs or small trees.
Black alder.
(a) A European shrub (Rhamnus frangula); Alder buckthorn.
(b) An American species of holly (Ilex verticillata),
bearing red berries. IllationIllation Il*la"tion, n. [L. illatio, fr. illatus, used as p.
p. of inferre to carry or bring in, but from a different
root: cf. F. illation. See 1st In-, and Tolerate, and cf.
Infer.]
The act or process of inferring from premises or reasons;
perception of the connection between ideas; that which is
inferred; inference; deduction; conclusion.
Fraudulent deductions or inconsequent illations from a
false conception of things. --Sir T.
Browne. IllativeIllative Il"la*tive, a. [L. illativus: cf. F. illatif.]
Relating to, dependent on, or denoting, illation;
inferential; conclusive; as, an illative consequence or
proposition; an illative word, as then, therefore, etc.
Illative conversion (Logic), a converse or reverse
statement of a proposition which in that form must be true
because the original proposition is true.
Illative sense (Metaph.), the faculty of the mind by which
it apprehends the conditions and determines upon the
correctness of inferences. Illative
Illative Il"la*tive, n.
An illative particle, as for, because.
Meaning of Illat from wikipedia
