Definition of Ianum. Meaning of Ianum. Synonyms of Ianum
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Definition of Ianum
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A Ludovicianum Broom rape Broom" rape` (Bot.)
A genus (Orobanche) of parasitic plants of Europe and Asia.
They are destitute of chlorophyll, have scales instead of
leaves, and spiked flowers, and grow attached to the roots of
other plants, as furze, clover, flax, wild carrot, etc. The
name is sometimes applied to other plants related to this
genus, as Aphyllon uniflorumand A. Ludovicianum.
Chlorogalum pomeridianum Amole A*mo"le, n. [Mex.] (Bot.)
Any detergent plant, or the part of it used as a detergent,
as the roots of Agave Americana, Chlorogalum
pomeridianum, etc. [Sp. Amer. & Mex.]
Chlorogalum pomeridianum Soap Soap, n. [OE. sope, AS. s[=a]pe; akin to D. zeep, G.
seife, OHG. seifa, Icel. s[=a]pa, Sw. s?pa, Dan. s?be, and
perhaps to AS. s[=i]pan to drip, MHG. s[=i]fen, and L. sebum
tallow. Cf. Saponaceous.]
A substance which dissolves in water, thus forming a lather,
and is used as a cleansing agent. Soap is produced by
combining fats or oils with alkalies or alkaline earths,
usually by boiling, and consists of salts of sodium,
potassium, etc., with the fatty acids (oleic, stearic,
palmitic, etc.). See the Note below, and cf.
Saponification. By extension, any compound of similar
composition or properties, whether used as a cleaning agent
or not.
Note: In general, soaps are of two classes, hard and soft.
Calcium, magnesium, lead, etc., form soaps, but they
are insoluble and useless.
The purifying action of soap depends upon the
fact that it is decomposed by a large quantity of
water into free alkali and an insoluble acid
salt. The first of these takes away the fatty
dirt on washing, and the latter forms the soap
lather which envelops the greasy matter and thus
tends to remove it. --Roscoe &
Schorlemmer.
Castile soap, a fine-grained hard soap, white or mottled,
made of olive oil and soda; -- called also Marseilles, or
Venetian, soap.
Hard soap, any one of a great variety of soaps, of
different ingredients and color, which are hard and
compact. All solid soaps are of this class.
Lead soap, an insoluble, white, pliable soap made by
saponifying an oil (olive oil) with lead oxide; -- used
externally in medicine. Called also lead plaster,
diachylon, etc.
Marine soap. See under Marine.
Pills of soap (Med.), pills containing soap and opium.
Potash soap, any soap made with potash, esp. the soft
soaps, and a hard soap made from potash and castor oil.
Pumice soap, any hard soap charged with a gritty powder, as
silica, alumina, powdered pumice, etc., which assists
mechanically in the removal of dirt.
Resin soap, a yellow soap containing resin, -- used in
bleaching.
Silicated soap, a cheap soap containing water glass (sodium
silicate).
Soap bark. (Bot.) See Quillaia bark.
Soap bubble, a hollow iridescent globe, formed by blowing a
film of soap suds from a pipe; figuratively, something
attractive, but extremely unsubstantial.
This soap bubble of the metaphysicians. --J. C.
Shairp.
Soap cerate, a cerate formed of soap, olive oil, white wax,
and the subacetate of lead, sometimes used as an
application to allay inflammation.
Soap fat, the refuse fat of kitchens, slaughter houses,
etc., used in making soap.
Soap liniment (Med.), a liniment containing soap, camphor,
and alcohol.
Soap nut, the hard kernel or seed of the fruit of the
soapberry tree, -- used for making beads, buttons, etc.
Soap plant (Bot.), one of several plants used in the place
of soap, as the Chlorogalum pomeridianum, a California
plant, the bulb of which, when stripped of its husk and
rubbed on wet clothes, makes a thick lather, and smells
not unlike new brown soap. It is called also soap apple,
soap bulb, and soap weed.
Soap tree. (Bot.) Same as Soapberry tree.
Soda soap, a soap containing a sodium salt. The soda soaps
are all hard soaps.
Soft soap, a soap of a gray or brownish yellow color, and
of a slimy, jellylike consistence, made from potash or the
lye from wood ashes. It is strongly alkaline and often
contains glycerin, and is used in scouring wood, in
cleansing linen, in dyehouses, etc. Figuratively,
flattery; wheedling; blarney. [Colloq.]
Toilet soap, hard soap for the toilet, usually colored and
perfumed.
G Robertianum Herb Herb (?; 277), n. [OE. herbe, erbe, OF. herbe, erbe, F.
herbe, L. herba; perh. akin to Gr. forbh` food, pasture,
fe`rbein to feed.]
1. A plant whose stem does not become woody and permanent,
but dies, at least down to the ground, after flowering.
Note: Annual herbs live but one season; biennial herbs flower
the second season, and then die; perennial herbs
produce new stems year after year.
2. Grass; herbage.
And flocks Grazing the tender herb. --Milton.
Herb bennet. (Bot.) See Bennet.
Herb Christopher (Bot.), an herb (Act[ae]a spicata),
whose root is used in nervous diseases; the baneberry. The
name is occasionally given to other plants, as the royal
fern, the wood betony, etc.
Herb Gerard (Bot.), the goutweed; -- so called in honor of
St. Gerard, who used to be invoked against the gout. --Dr.
Prior.
Herb grace, or Herb of grace. (Bot.) See Rue.
Herb Margaret (Bot.), the daisy. See Marguerite.
Herb Paris (Bot.), an Old World plant related to the
trillium (Paris quadrifolia), commonly reputed
poisonous.
Herb Robert (Bot.), a species of Geranium (G.
Robertianum.)
H Campechianum Haematoxylon H[ae]m`a*tox"y*lon, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma blood
+ ? wood.] (Bot.)
A genus of leguminous plants containing but a single species,
the H. Campechianum or logwood tree, native in Yucatan.
Haematoxylon Campechianum Logwood Log"wood`
. [So called from being imported in logs.]
The heartwood of a tree (H[ae]matoxylon Campechianum), a
native of South America, It is a red, heavy wood, containing
a crystalline substance called h[ae]matoxylin, and is used
largely in dyeing. An extract from this wood is used in
medicine as an astringent. Also called Campeachy wood, and
bloodwood.
Haematoxylon campechianum Bloodwood Blood"wood, n. (Bot.)
A tree having the wood or the sap of the color of blood.
Note: Norfolk Island bloodwood is a euphorbiaceous tree
(Baloghia lucida), from which the sap is collected
for use as a plant. Various other trees have the name,
chiefly on account of the color of the wood, as
Gordonia H[ae]matoxylon of Jamaica, and several
species of Australian Eucalyptus; also the true
logwood ( H[ae]matoxylon campechianum).
Silybum marianum Milk Milk, n. [AS. meoluc, meoloc, meolc, milc; akin to
OFries. meloc, D. melk, G. milch, OHG. miluh, Icel. mj?ok,
Sw. mj["o]lk, Dan. melk, Goth. miluks, G. melken to milk,
OHG. melchan, Lith. milszti, L. mulgere, Gr. ?. ????. Cf.
Milch, Emulsion, Milt soft roe of fishes.]
1. (Physiol.) A white fluid secreted by the mammary glands of
female mammals for the nourishment of their young,
consisting of minute globules of fat suspended in a
solution of casein, albumin, milk sugar, and inorganic
salts. ``White as morne milk.' --Chaucer.
2. (Bot.) A kind of juice or sap, usually white in color,
found in certain plants; latex. See Latex.
3. An emulsion made by bruising seeds; as, the milk of
almonds, produced by pounding almonds with sugar and
water.
4. (Zo["o]l.) The ripe, undischarged spat of an oyster.
Condensed milk. See under Condense, v. t.
Milk crust (Med.), vesicular eczema occurring on the face
and scalp of nursing infants. See Eczema.
Milk fever.
(a) (Med.) A fever which accompanies or precedes the first
lactation. It is usually transitory.
(b) (Vet. Surg.) A form puerperal peritonitis in cattle;
also, a variety of meningitis occurring in cows after
calving.
Milk glass, glass having a milky appearance.
Milk knot (Med.), a hard lump forming in the breast of a
nursing woman, due to obstruction to the flow of milk and
congestion of the mammary glands.
Milk leg (Med.), a swollen condition of the leg, usually in
puerperal women, caused by an inflammation of veins, and
characterized by a white appearance occasioned by an
accumulation of serum and sometimes of pus in the cellular
tissue.
Milk meats, food made from milk, as butter and cheese.
[Obs.] --Bailey.
Milk mirror. Same as Escutcheon, 2.
Milk molar (Anat.), one of the deciduous molar teeth which
are shed and replaced by the premolars.
Milk of lime (Chem.), a watery emulsion of calcium hydrate,
produced by macerating quicklime in water.
Milk parsley (Bot.), an umbelliferous plant (Peucedanum
palustre) of Europe and Asia, having a milky juice.
Milk pea (Bot.), a genus (Galactia) of leguminous and,
usually, twining plants.
Milk sickness (Med.), a peculiar malignant disease,
occurring in some parts of the Western United States, and
affecting certain kinds of farm stock (esp. cows), and
persons who make use of the meat or dairy products of
infected cattle. Its chief symptoms in man are
uncontrollable vomiting, obstinate constipation, pain, and
muscular tremors. Its origin in cattle has been variously
ascribed to the presence of certain plants in their food,
and to polluted drinking water.
Milk snake (Zo["o]l.), a harmless American snake
(Ophibolus triangulus, or O. eximius). It is variously
marked with white, gray, and red. Called also milk
adder, chicken snake, house snake, etc.
Milk sugar. (Physiol. Chem.) See Lactose, and Sugar of
milk (below).
Milk thistle (Bot.), an esculent European thistle (Silybum
marianum), having the veins of its leaves of a milky
whiteness.
Milk thrush. (Med.) See Thrush.
Milk tooth (Anat.), one of the temporary first set of teeth
in young mammals; in man there are twenty.
Milk tree (Bot.), a tree yielding a milky juice, as the cow
tree of South America (Brosimum Galactodendron), and the
Euphorbia balsamifera of the Canaries, the milk of both
of which is wholesome food.
Milk vessel (Bot.), a special cell in the inner bark of a
plant, or a series of cells, in which the milky juice is
contained. See Latex.
Rock milk. See Agaric mineral, under Agaric.
Sugar of milk. The sugar characteristic of milk; a hard
white crystalline slightly sweet substance obtained by
evaporation of the whey of milk. It is used in pellets and
powder as a vehicle for homeopathic medicines, and as an
article of diet. See Lactose.
Trachylobium Hornemannianum Copal Co"pal (k[=o]"pal; 277), [Sp., fr. Mexican copalli, a
generic name of resins. --Clavigero.]
A resinous substance flowing spontaneously from trees of
Zanzibar, Madagascar, and South America (Trachylobium
Hornemannianum, T. verrucosum, and Hymen[ae]a
Courbaril), and dug from earth where forests have stood in
Africa; -- used chiefly in making varnishes. --Ure.
X Carolinianum Prickly Prick"ly, a.
Full of sharp points or prickles; armed or covered with
prickles; as, a prickly shrub.
Prickly ash (Bot.), a prickly shrub (Xanthoxylum
Americanum) with yellowish flowers appearing with the
leaves. All parts of the plant are pungent and aromatic.
The southern species is X. Carolinianum. --Gray.
Prickly heat (Med.), a noncontagious cutaneous eruption of
red pimples, attended with intense itching and tingling of
the parts affected. It is due to inflammation of the sweat
glands, and is often brought on by overheating the skin in
hot weather.
Prickly pear (Bot.), a name given to several plants of the
cactaceous genus Opuntia, American plants consisting of
fleshy, leafless, usually flattened, and often prickly
joints inserted upon each other. The sessile flowers have
many petals and numerous stamens. The edible fruit is a
large pear-shaped berry containing many flattish seeds.
The common species of the Northern Atlantic States is
Opuntia vulgaris. In the South and West are many others,
and in tropical America more than a hundred more. O.
vulgaris, O. Ficus-Indica, and O. Tuna are abundantly
introduced in the Mediterranean region, and O. Dillenii
has become common in India.
Prickly pole (Bot.), a West Indian palm (Bactris
Plumierana), the slender trunk of which bears many rings
of long black prickles.
Prickly withe (Bot.), a West Indian cactaceous plant
(Cereus triangularis) having prickly, slender, climbing,
triangular stems.
Prickly rat (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of South
American burrowing rodents belonging to Ctenomys and
allied genera. The hair is usually intermingled with sharp
spines.
