- that they are
paraphyletic relative to
Hexactinellida (gl**** sponges).
Heteractinids can be
distinguished by
their six-pronged (snowflake-shaped) ****ules...
- PMID 40163761. Carrera, M. G.; Botting, J. P.; Cañas, F. L. (2025). "
Heteractinid,
hexactinellid and
sphaeroclonid sponges as rare
components of anthaspidellid-dominated...
- (Cambrian
Stage 3) of Australia.
Calcareans are
probably descended from "
heteractinid" sponges,
which first appeared in the
early Cambrian.
Calcareans reached...
- nov
Valid Fedorov in Fedorov,
Parkhaev &
Demidenko Cambrian Russia A
heteractinid sponge belonging to the
group Heteractinellida and the
family Heterostellidae...
-
radiocyaths are
plausible but uncertain; the snowflake-shaped ****ules of
heteractinid sponges show some
similarity to nesasters.
Radiocyaths have been compared...
-
Parallelopora and Amphipora)
class Heteractinida [†] (Paleozoic
calcitic heteractinids such as Eiffelia) Sub-phylum
Silicea /
Silicospongia (siliceous poriferans):...
- 1007/BF02987126. Rigby, J.
Keith (1
January 1991). "The new
Devonian (Givetian)
heteractinid sponge Gondekia from Ontario, Canada, and
evolution of the astraeospongiids...
- K.
Rigby and Q. H. Goodbody. 1986. Malluviospongia, a new
Devonian heteractinid sponge from the Bird
Fiord Formation of
southwestern Ellesmere Island...
