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Halorhodopsin is a seven-transmembrane
retinylidene protein from
microbial rhodopsin family. It is a chloride-specific light-activated ion pump found...
- Halobacteria, light-activated ion
pumps like
bacteriorhodopsin and
halorhodopsin generate ion
gradients by
pumping ions out of and into the cell across...
- in the MR family:
Bacteriorhodopsins pump
protons out of the cell;
Halorhodopsins pump
chloride (and
other anions such as bromide,
iodide and nitrate)...
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pumps are also used to
inhibit neuronal activity, e.g.
halorhodopsin (NpHR),
enhanced halorhodopsins (eNpHR2.0 and eNpHR3.0, see
Figure 2), archaerhodopsin...
- chlorophyll-type
receptor and
electron transport chain,
proteins such as
halorhodopsin capture light energy with the aid of
diterpenes to move ions against...
-
illumination for small,
sufficiently translucent invertebrates.
Bacterial Halorhodopsins or
Proton pumps are the two
classes of
proteins used for inhibitory...
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exist in archaea, not bacteria.
Halorhodopsin was
first discovered and
named in 1977.
Bacteriorhodopsin and
Halorhodopsin both only
exist in
archaea whereas...
-
control is
achieved using optogenetic actuators like channelrhodopsin,
halorhodopsin, and archaerhodopsin,
while temporally-precise
recordings can be made...
-
homologs include the archaerhodopsins, the light-driven
chloride pump
halorhodopsin (for
which the
crystal structure is also known), and some
directly light-activated...
-
metabolic processes using a non-chlorophyll-based pathway.
Beside that,
halorhodopsins of
Halobacteria and
channelrhodopsins of some algae, e.g. Volvox, serve...
