-
large numbers of
workers and
several foundresses, and
independent founding,
which involve a few
workers and
foundresses. (P.
carolina uses the latter.) P...
-
other β-
foundresses. The α-
foundresses takes the lion's
share of reproduction,
laying 78% of the
colony females and 87% of the males. All
foundresses are...
- next year's
foundresses are produced, and they mate with males. The
newly mated foundresses hibernate in winter,
while old
founding foundresses, workers...
-
workers in the
growing colony. One or more
foundresses begin the
colonies in the spring. If
multiple foundresses are present, the one that lays the most...
- emergence:
foundresses, workers, queens, and gynes.
Females that have
overwintered and then
initiated a nest in
spring are
called foundresses.
Foundresses then...
- co-
foundresses,
while about three-quarters of
foundresses become subordinate to a
queen on a
cooperative nest. The
largest aggregations of
foundresses are...
-
males and ****ure
foundresses. In August,
there is a m****
emergence of the male species, and only
after this, do the ****ure
foundresses appear. The colony...
- reproductive(s),
establish a new colony. The
foundresses build a
basic nest
structure and
begin to lay eggs. The
foundresses can also
perform non-reproductive tasks...
-
emerge in late May and
attempt matings with
workers and
foundresses. It is
unknown if the
foundresses monopolize reproduction, and this is an
important question...
- when
foundresses are
injected with
juvenile hormone,
responsible for
regulating growth and
development in
insects including wasps, the
foundresses exhibit...
