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Comocladia integrifolia Maiden Maid"en, a.
1. Of or pertaining to a maiden, or to maidens; suitable to,
or characteristic of, a virgin; as, maiden innocence.
``Amid the maiden throng.' --Addison.
Have you no modesty, no maiden shame ? --Shak.
2. Never having been married; not having had sexual
intercourse; virgin; -- said usually of the woman, but
sometimes of the man; as, a maiden aunt. ``A surprising
old maiden lady.' --Thackeray.
3. Fresh; innocent; unpolluted; pure; hitherto unused.
``Maiden flowers.' --Shak.
Full bravely hast thou fleshed Thy maiden sword.
--Shak.
4. Used of a fortress, signifying that it has never been
captured, or violated. -- T. Warton. Macaulay.
Maiden assize (Eng. Law), an assize which there is no
criminal prosecution; an assize which is unpolluted with
blood. It was usual, at such an assize, for the sheriff to
present the judge with a pair of white gloves. --Smart.
Maiden name, the surname of a woman before her marriage.
Maiden pink. (Bot.) See under Pink.
Maiden plum (Bot.), a West Indian tree (Comocladia
integrifolia) with purplish drupes. The sap of the tree
is glutinous, and gives a persistent black stain.
Maiden speech, the first speech made by a person, esp. by a
new member in a public body.
Maiden tower, the tower most capable of resisting an enemy.
Cordia gerascanthoides Princewood Prince"wood`, n. (Bot.)
The wood of two small tropical American trees (Hamelia
ventricosa, and Cordia gerascanthoides). It is brownish,
veined with lighter color.
Cordia Gerascanthus Spanish Span"ish, a.
Of or pertaining to Spain or the Spaniards.
Spanish bayonet (Bot.), a liliaceous plant (Yucca
alorifolia) with rigid spine-tipped leaves. The name is
also applied to other similar plants of the Southwestern
United States and mexico. Called also Spanish daggers.
Spanish bean (Bot.) See the Note under Bean.
Spanish black, a black pigment obtained by charring cork.
--Ure.
Spanish broom (Bot.), a leguminous shrub (Spartium
junceum) having many green flexible rushlike twigs.
Spanish brown, a species of earth used in painting, having
a dark reddish brown color, due to the presence of
sesquioxide of iron.
Spanish buckeye (Bot.), a small tree (Ungnadia speciosa)
of Texas, New Mexico, etc., related to the buckeye, but
having pinnate leaves and a three-seeded fruit.
Spanish burton (Naut.), a purchase composed of two single
blocks. A double Spanish burton has one double and two
single blocks. --Luce (Textbook of Seamanship).
Spanish chalk (Min.), a kind of steatite; -- so called
because obtained from Aragon in Spain.
Spanish cress (Bot.), a cruciferous plant (lepidium
Cadamines), a species of peppergrass.
Spanish curiew (Zo["o]l.), the long-billed curlew. [U.S.]
Spanish daggers (Bot.) See Spanish bayonet.
Spanish elm (Bot.), a large West Indian tree (Cordia
Gerascanthus) furnishing hard and useful timber.
Spanish feretto, a rich reddish brown pigment obtained by
calcining copper and sulphur together in closed crucibles.
Spanish flag (Zo["o]l.), the California rockfish
(Sebastichthys rubrivinctus). It is conspicuously
colored with bands of red and white.
Spanish fly (Zo["o]l.), a brilliant green beetle, common in
the south of Europe, used for raising blisters. See
Blister beetle under Blister, and Cantharis.
Spanish fox (Naut.), a yarn twisted against its lay.
Spanish grass. (Bot.) See Esparto.
Spanish juice (Bot.), licorice.
Spanish leather. See Cordwain.
Spanish mackerel. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A species of mackerel (Scomber colias) found both in
Europe and America. In America called chub mackerel,
big-eyed mackerel, and bull mackerel.
(b) In the United States, a handsome mackerel having bright
yellow round spots (Scomberomorus maculatus), highly
esteemed as a food fish. The name is sometimes
erroneously applied to other species. See Illust. under
Mackerel.
Spanish main, the name formerly given to the southern
portion of the Caribbean Sea, together with the contiguous
coast, embracing the route traversed by Spanish treasure
ships from the New to the Old World.
Spanish moss. (Bot.) See Tillandsia.
Spanish needles (Bot.), a composite weed (Bidens
bipinnata) having achenia armed with needlelike awns.
Spanish nut (Bot.), a bulbous plant (Iris Sisyrinchium)
of the south of Europe.
Spanish potato (Bot.), the sweet potato. See under
Potato.
Spanish red, an ocherous red pigment resembling Venetian
red, but slightly yellower and warmer. --Fairholt.
Spanish reef (Naut.), a knot tied in the head of a
jib-headed sail.
Spanish sheep (Zo["o]l.), a merino.
Spanish white, an impalpable powder prepared from chalk by
pulverizing and repeated washings, -- used as a white
pigment.
Spanish windlass (Naut.), a wooden roller, with a rope
wound about it, into which a marline spike is thrust to
serve as a lever.
Cordia Myxa Sebesten Se*bes"ten, n. [Ar. sebest[=a]n the tree: cf. Sp.
sebesten.] (Bot.)
The mucilaginous drupaceous fruit of two East Indian trees
(Cordia Myxa, and C. latifolia), sometimes used
medicinally in pectoral diseases.
Note: In the West Indies the name is given to the similar
fruit of Cordia Sebestana.
Cordia Sebestana Sebesten Se*bes"ten, n. [Ar. sebest[=a]n the tree: cf. Sp.
sebesten.] (Bot.)
The mucilaginous drupaceous fruit of two East Indian trees
(Cordia Myxa, and C. latifolia), sometimes used
medicinally in pectoral diseases.
Note: In the West Indies the name is given to the similar
fruit of Cordia Sebestana.
Foetidia Mauritiana Stinkwood Stink"wood`, n. (Bot.)
A name given to several kinds of wood with an unpleasant
smell, as that of the F[oe]tidia Mauritiana of the
Mauritius, and that of the South African Ocotea bullata.
Gastrodia sesamoides Yam Yam (y[a^]m), n. [Pg. inhame, probably from some native
name.] (Bot.)
A large, esculent, farinaceous tuber of various climbing
plants of the genus Dioscorea; also, the plants themselves.
Mostly natives of warm climates. The plants have
netted-veined, petioled leaves, and pods with three broad
wings. The commonest species is D. sativa, but several
others are cultivated.
Chinese yam, a plant (Dioscorea Batatas) with a long and
slender tuber, hardier than most of the other species.
Wild yam.
(a) A common plant (Dioscorea villosa) of the Eastern
United States, having a hard and knotty rootstock.
(b) An orchidaceous plant (Gastrodia sesamoides) of
Australia and Tasmania.
Gouldia Popelairii Thorntail Thorn"tail`, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A beautiful South American humming bird (Gouldia
Popelairii), having the six outer tail feathers long,
slender, and pointed. The head is ornamented with a long,
pointed crest.
India ink India In"di*a, n. [See Indian.]
A country in Southern Asia; the two peninsulas of Hither and
Farther India; in a restricted sense, Hither India, or
Hindostan.
India ink, a nearly black pigment brought chiefly from
China, used for water colors. It is in rolls, or in
square, and consists of lampblack or ivory black and
animal glue. Called also China ink. The true India ink
is sepia. See Sepia.
India matting, floor matting made in China, India, etc.,
from grass and reeds; -- also called Canton, or China,
matting.
India paper, a variety of Chinese paper, of smooth but not
glossy surface, used for printing from engravings,
woodcuts, etc.
India proof (Engraving), a proof impression from an
engraved plate, taken on India paper.
India rubber. See Caoutchouc.
India-rubber tree (Bot.), any tree yielding caoutchouc, but
especially the East Indian Ficus elastica, often
cultivated for its large, shining, elliptical leaves.
India matting India In"di*a, n. [See Indian.]
A country in Southern Asia; the two peninsulas of Hither and
Farther India; in a restricted sense, Hither India, or
Hindostan.
India ink, a nearly black pigment brought chiefly from
China, used for water colors. It is in rolls, or in
square, and consists of lampblack or ivory black and
animal glue. Called also China ink. The true India ink
is sepia. See Sepia.
India matting, floor matting made in China, India, etc.,
from grass and reeds; -- also called Canton, or China,
matting.
India paper, a variety of Chinese paper, of smooth but not
glossy surface, used for printing from engravings,
woodcuts, etc.
India proof (Engraving), a proof impression from an
engraved plate, taken on India paper.
India rubber. See Caoutchouc.
India-rubber tree (Bot.), any tree yielding caoutchouc, but
especially the East Indian Ficus elastica, often
cultivated for its large, shining, elliptical leaves.
India paper India In"di*a, n. [See Indian.]
A country in Southern Asia; the two peninsulas of Hither and
Farther India; in a restricted sense, Hither India, or
Hindostan.
India ink, a nearly black pigment brought chiefly from
China, used for water colors. It is in rolls, or in
square, and consists of lampblack or ivory black and
animal glue. Called also China ink. The true India ink
is sepia. See Sepia.
India matting, floor matting made in China, India, etc.,
from grass and reeds; -- also called Canton, or China,
matting.
India paper, a variety of Chinese paper, of smooth but not
glossy surface, used for printing from engravings,
woodcuts, etc.
India proof (Engraving), a proof impression from an
engraved plate, taken on India paper.
India rubber. See Caoutchouc.
India-rubber tree (Bot.), any tree yielding caoutchouc, but
especially the East Indian Ficus elastica, often
cultivated for its large, shining, elliptical leaves.
India proof India In"di*a, n. [See Indian.]
A country in Southern Asia; the two peninsulas of Hither and
Farther India; in a restricted sense, Hither India, or
Hindostan.
India ink, a nearly black pigment brought chiefly from
China, used for water colors. It is in rolls, or in
square, and consists of lampblack or ivory black and
animal glue. Called also China ink. The true India ink
is sepia. See Sepia.
India matting, floor matting made in China, India, etc.,
from grass and reeds; -- also called Canton, or China,
matting.
India paper, a variety of Chinese paper, of smooth but not
glossy surface, used for printing from engravings,
woodcuts, etc.
India proof (Engraving), a proof impression from an
engraved plate, taken on India paper.
India rubber. See Caoutchouc.
India-rubber tree (Bot.), any tree yielding caoutchouc, but
especially the East Indian Ficus elastica, often
cultivated for its large, shining, elliptical leaves.
India rubber India In"di*a, n. [See Indian.]
A country in Southern Asia; the two peninsulas of Hither and
Farther India; in a restricted sense, Hither India, or
Hindostan.
India ink, a nearly black pigment brought chiefly from
China, used for water colors. It is in rolls, or in
square, and consists of lampblack or ivory black and
animal glue. Called also China ink. The true India ink
is sepia. See Sepia.
India matting, floor matting made in China, India, etc.,
from grass and reeds; -- also called Canton, or China,
matting.
India paper, a variety of Chinese paper, of smooth but not
glossy surface, used for printing from engravings,
woodcuts, etc.
India proof (Engraving), a proof impression from an
engraved plate, taken on India paper.
India rubber. See Caoutchouc.
India-rubber tree (Bot.), any tree yielding caoutchouc, but
especially the East Indian Ficus elastica, often
cultivated for its large, shining, elliptical leaves.
India rubber India rubber In"di*a rub"ber
See Caoutchouc.
India rubber Antimony rubber, an elastic durable variety of vulcanized
caoutchouc of a red color. It contains antimony sulphide
as an important constituent.
Hard rubber, a kind of vulcanized caoutchouc which nearly
resembles horn in texture, rigidity, etc.
India rubber, caoutchouc. See Caoutchouc.
Rubber cloth, cloth covered with caoutchouc for excluding
water or moisture.
Rubber dam (Dentistry), a shield of thin sheet rubber
clasped around a tooth to exclude saliva from the tooth.
India rubber Caoutchouc Caout"chouc, n. [F. caoutchouc, from the South
American name.]
A tenacious, elastic, gummy substance obtained from the milky
sap of several plants of tropical South America (esp. the
euphorbiaceous tree Siphonia elastica or Hevea
caoutchouc), Asia, and Africa. Being impermeable to liquids
and gases, and not readly affected by exposure to air, acids,
and alkalies, it is used, especially when vulcanized, for
many purposes in the arts and in manufactures. Also called
India rubber (because it was first brought from India, and
was formerly used chiefly for erasing pencil marks) and gum
elastic. See Vulcanization.
Mineral caoutchouc. See under Mineral.
India scrim Scrim Scrim, n.
1. A kind of light cotton or linen fabric, often woven in
openwork patterns, -- used for curtains, etc,; -- called
also India scrim.
2. pl. Thin canvas glued on the inside of panels to prevent
shrinking, checking, etc.
India shawl Shawl Shawl, n. [Per. & Hind. sh[=a]l: cf. F. ch[^a]le.]
A square or oblong cloth of wool, cotton, silk, or other
textile or netted fabric, used, especially by women, as a
loose covering for the neck and shoulders.
India shawl, a kind of rich shawl made in India from the
wool of the Cashmere goat. It is woven in pieces, which
are sewed together.
Shawl goat (Zo["o]l.), the Cashmere goat.
India steel India steel In"di*a steel
Same as Wootz.
Madia sativa Madia Ma"di*a, n. [NL., fr. Sp. madi, fr. Chilian madi, the
native name.] (Bot.)
A genus of composite plants, of which one species (Madia
sativa) is cultivated for the oil yielded from its seeds by
pressure. This oil is sometimes used instead of olive oil for
the table.
Menidia notata Silversides Sil"ver*sides`, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any one of several species of small fishes of the family
Atherinid[ae], having a silvery stripe along each side of
the body. The common species of the American coast (Menidia
notata) is very abundant. Called also silverside, sand
smelt, friar, tailor, and tinker.
Brook silversides (Zo["o]l.), a small fresh-water North
American fish (Labadesthes sicculus) related to the
marine silversides.
Menidia notata Atherine Ath"er*ine, n. [NL. atherina, fr. Gr. ? a kind of
smelt.] (Zo["o]l.)
A small marine fish of the family Atherinid[ae], having a
silvery stripe along the sides. The European species
(Atherina presbyter) is used as food. The American species
(Menidia notata) is called silversides and sand smelt.
See Silversides.
Oldenlandia umbellata Chay root Chay" root` [Tamil sh[=a]ya.]
The root of the Oldenlandia umbellata, native in India,
which yieds a durable red dyestuff. [Written also choy
root.]
Oldfieldia Africana Teak Teak, n. [Malayalm tekku.] (Bot.)
A tree of East Indies (Tectona grandis) which furnishes an
extremely strong and durable timber highly valued for
shipbuilding and other purposes; also, the timber of the
tree. [Written also teek.]
African teak, a tree (Oldfieldia Africana) of Sierra
Leone; also, its very heavy and durable wood; -- called
also African oak.
New Zeland teak, a large tree (Vitex littoralis) of New
Zeland; also, its hard, durable timber.
Piscidia erythrina Dogwood Dog"wood` (-w[oo^]d`), n. [So named from skewers
(dags) being made of it. Dr. Prior. See Dag, and Dagger.]
(Bot.)
The Cornus, a genus of large shrubs or small trees, the
wood of which is exceedingly hard, and serviceable for many
purposes.
Note: There are several species, one of which, Cornus
mascula, called also cornelian cherry, bears a red
acid berry. C. florida is the flowering dogwood, a
small American tree with very showy blossoms.
Dogwood tree.
(a) The dogwood or Cornus.
(b) A papilionaceous tree (Piscidia erythrina) growing in
Jamaica. It has narcotic properties; -- called also
Jamaica dogwood.
Randia aculeata Indigo In"di*go, a.
Having the color of, pertaining to, or derived from, indigo.
Indigo berry (Bot.), the fruit of the West Indian shrub
Randia aculeata, used as a blue dye.
Indigo bird (Zo["o]l.), a small North American finch
(Cyanospiza cyanea). The male is indigo blue in color.
Called also indigo bunting.
Indigo blue.
(a) The essential coloring material of commercial indigo,
from which it is obtained as a dark blue earthy powder,
with a reddish luster, C16H10N2O2, which may be
crystallized by sublimation. Indigo blue is also made
from artificial amido cinnamic acid, and from artificial
isatine; and these methods are of great commercial
importance. Called also indigotin.
(b) A dark, dull blue color like the indigo of commerce.
Indigo brown (Chem.), a brown resinous substance found in
crude indigo.
Indigo copper (Min.), covellite.
Indigo green, a green obtained from indigo.
Indigo plant (Bot.), a leguminous plant of several species
(genus Indigofera), from which indigo is prepared. The
different varieties are natives of Asia, Africa, and
America. Several species are cultivated, of which the most
important are the I. tinctoria, or common indigo plant,
the I. Anil, a larger species, and the I. disperma.
Indigo purple, a purple obtained from indigo.
Indigo red, a dyestuff, isomeric with indigo blue, obtained
from crude indigo as a dark brown amorphous powder.
Indigo snake (Zo["o]l.), the gopher snake.
Indigo white, a white crystalline powder obtained by
reduction from indigo blue, and by oxidation easily
changed back to it; -- called also indigogen.
Indigo yellow, a substance obtained from indigo.
Rhagodia hastata Saloop Sa*loop" (s[.a]*l[=oo]p"), n.
An aromatic drink prepared from sassafras bark and other
ingredients, at one time much used in London. --J. Smith
(Dict. Econ. Plants).
Saloop bush (Bot.), an Australian shrub (Rhagodia
hastata) of the Goosefoot family, used for fodder.
Sherardia arvensis Madder Mad"der, n. [OE. mader, AS. m[ae]dere; akin to Icel.
ma?ra.] (Bot.)
A plant of the Rubia (R. tinctorum). The root is much
used in dyeing red, and formerly was used in medicine. It is
cultivated in France and Holland. See Rubiaceous.
Note: Madder is sometimes used in forming pigments, as lakes,
etc., which receive their names from their colors; as.
madder yellow.
Field madder, an annual European weed (Sherardia
arvensis) resembling madder.
Indian madder, the East Indian Rubia cordifolia, used in
the East for dyeing; -- called also munjeet.
Wild madder, Rubia peregrina of Europe; also the Galium
Mollugo, a kind of bedstraw.