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Cytosine (/ˈsaɪtəˌsiːn, -ˌziːn, -ˌsɪn/) (symbol C or Cyt) is one of the four
nucleotide bases found in DNA and RNA,
along with adenine, guanine, and thymine...
- prokaryotes, even
though the rate of
cytosine DNA
methylation can
differ greatly between species: 14% of
cytosines are
methylated in
Arabidopsis thaliana...
- methyltransferases. In mammals, 70% to 80% of CpG
cytosines are methylated.
Methylating the
cytosine within a gene can
change its expression, a mechanism...
- are read as
cytosines after sequencing represent methylated cytosines,
while those that are read as
thymines represent unmethylated cytosines in the genomic...
- and
analyzing naturally-manifested
methylated cytosines in vivo
rather than
chemically methylated cytosines. In 1970, a
breakthrough occurred when it was...
-
methylated cytosines are
present in CpG
sites in the
promoter and
enhancer regions of genes, the
genes are
often repressed. When
methylated cytosines are present...
-
methylated cytosines. Thus,
bisulfite treatment introduces specific changes in the DNA
sequence that
depend on the
methylation status of
individual cytosine residues...
- more
often than not. Conversely,
cytosines that are part of CPDs are
susceptible to deamination,
leading to a
cytosine to
thymine transition,
thereby contributing...
-
reaction of
cytosine into uracil,
releasing ammonia in the process. This can
occur in
vitro through the use of bisulfite,
which deaminates cytosine, but not...
-
methyltransferases (N-4
cytosine-specific DNA methylases) are
enzymes that
specifically methylate the
amino group at the C-4
position of
cytosines in DNA. Such enzymes...
