- inference, a
confounder is a
variable that
influences both the
dependent variable and
independent variable,
causing a
spurious ****ociation.
Confounding is a causal...
-
observing these efforts and
remarking on humanity's
power in unity,
confounds their speech so that they can no
longer understand each
other and scatters...
- X and Y are
confounded (by some
confounder variable Z).: 151 Earlier,
allegedly incorrect definitions of
confounder include:: 152 "Any
variable that...
- to
identify important confounders (backdoor
criterion is used for the identification).
Without having one, a
possible confounder might remain unnoticed...
- [citation needed]
Colliders are
sometimes confused with
confounder variables.
Unlike colliders,
confounder variables should be
controlled for when estimating...
-
baseline mathematical knowledge is not a
confounder, and conversely, if
baseline mathematical knowledge is a
confounder, the
expected value of D will generally...
- not take up
their offers of employment. In 1997, he
formed the
company Confounding Factor along with co-developer Paul Douglas, who had
worked with Gard...
- third,
unseen factor (referred to as a "common
response variable", "
confounding factor", or "lurking variable"). An
example of a
spurious relationship...
-
predict receiving the treatment. PSM
attempts to
reduce the bias due to
confounding variables that
could be
found in an
estimate of the
treatment effect...
-
primary interest to the experimenter. "Good controls", also
known as “
confounders” or “deconfounders”, are
variables which are
theorized to be unaffected...
