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A officinalisAsparagus As*par"a*gus, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, ?; cf. ? to swell
with sap or juice, and Zend ?paregha prong, sprout, Pers.
asparag, Lith. spurgas sprout, Skr. sphurj to swell. Perh.
the Greek borrowed from the Persian. Cf. Sparrowgrass.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of perennial plants belonging to the
natural order Liliace[ae], and having erect much
branched stems, and very slender branchlets which are
sometimes mistaken for leaves. Asparagus racemosus is a
shrubby climbing plant with fragrant flowers.
Specifically: The Asparagus officinalis, a species
cultivated in gardens.
2. The young and tender shoots of A. officinalis, which
form a valuable and well-known article of food.
Note: This word was formerly pronounced sparrowgrass; but
this pronunciation is now confined exclusively to
uneducated people.
Asparagus beetle (Zo["o]l.), a small beetle (Crioceris
asparagi) injurious to asparagus. Anchusa officinalisOxtongue Ox"tongue`, n. (Bot.)
A name given to several plants, from the shape and roughness
of their leaves; as, Anchusa officinalis, a kind of
bugloss, and Helminthia echioides, both European herbs. Anchusa officinalisAlkanet Al"ka*net, n. [Dim. of Sp. alcana, alhe[~n]a, in which
al is the Ar. article. See Henna, and cf. Orchanet.]
1. (Chem.) A dyeing matter extracted from the roots of
Alkanna tinctoria, which gives a fine deep red color.
2. (Bot.)
(a) A boraginaceous herb (Alkanna tinctoria) yielding
the dye; orchanet.
(b) The similar plant Anchusa officinalis; bugloss;
also, the American puccoon. Asparagus officinalisAsparagus As*par"a*gus, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, ?; cf. ? to swell
with sap or juice, and Zend ?paregha prong, sprout, Pers.
asparag, Lith. spurgas sprout, Skr. sphurj to swell. Perh.
the Greek borrowed from the Persian. Cf. Sparrowgrass.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of perennial plants belonging to the
natural order Liliace[ae], and having erect much
branched stems, and very slender branchlets which are
sometimes mistaken for leaves. Asparagus racemosus is a
shrubby climbing plant with fragrant flowers.
Specifically: The Asparagus officinalis, a species
cultivated in gardens.
2. The young and tender shoots of A. officinalis, which
form a valuable and well-known article of food.
Note: This word was formerly pronounced sparrowgrass; but
this pronunciation is now confined exclusively to
uneducated people.
Asparagus beetle (Zo["o]l.), a small beetle (Crioceris
asparagi) injurious to asparagus. B officinalisBetony Bet"o*ny, n.; pl. Betonies. [OE. betony, betany, F.
betoine, fr. L. betonica, vettonica.] (Bot.)
A plant of the genus Betonica (Linn.).
Note: The purple or wood betony (B. officinalis, Linn.) is
common in Europe, being formerly used in medicine, and
(according to Loudon) in dyeing wool a yellow color. Buccinal
Buccinal Buc"ci*nal, a. [L. bucina a crooked horn or trumpet.]
Shaped or sounding like a trumpet; trumpetlike.
C pubiflora bracteata and officinalisPurpleheart Pur"ple*heart`, n. (Bot.)
A strong, durable, and elastic wood of a purplish color,
obtained from several tropical American leguminous trees of
the genus Copaifera (C. pubiflora, bracteata, and
officinalis). Used for decorative veneering. See Copaiba. Calendula officinalisMarigold Mar"i*gold, n. [Mary + gold.] (Bot.)
A name for several plants with golden yellow blossoms,
especially the Calendula officinalis (see Calendula), and
the cultivated species of Tagetes.
Note: There are several yellow-flowered plants of different
genera bearing this name; as, the African or French
marigold of the genus Tagetes, of which several
species and many varieties are found in gardens. They
are mostly strong-smelling herbs from South America and
Mexico: bur marigold, of the genus Bidens; corn
marigold, of the genus Chrysanthemum (C. segetum,
a pest in the cornfields of Italy); fig marigold, of
the genus Mesembryanthemum; marsh marigold, of the
genus Caltha (C. palustris), commonly known in
America as the cowslip. See Marsh Marigold.
Marigold window. (Arch.) See Rose window, under Rose. Calendula officinalisCalendula Ca*len"du*la, n. [NL., fr. L. calendae calends.]
(Bot.)
A genus of composite herbaceous plants. One species,
Calendula officinalis, is the common marigold, and was
supposed to blossom on the calends of every month, whence the
name. Calycinal
Calycinal Ca*lyc"i*nal, Calycine Cal"y*cine, a. (Bot.)
Pertaining to a calyx; having the nature of a calyx.
Circinal
Circinal Cir"ci*nal, a. [Gr. ? a circle.] (Bot.)
Circinate.
Cochlearia officinalis Scurvy grass [Scurvy + grass; or cf. Icel. skarfak[=a]l
scurvy grass.] (Bot.) A kind of cress (Cochlearia
officinalis) growing along the seacoast of Northern
Europe and in arctic regions. It is a remedy for the
scurvy, and has proved a valuable food to arctic
explorers. The name is given also to other allied species
of plants. Cubeba officinalisCubeb Cu"beb (k?"b?b), n. [F. cub?be (cf. It. cubebe, Pr.,
Sp., Pg., & NL. cubeba), fr. Ar. kab?bat.]
The small, spicy berry of a species of pepper (Piper
Cubeba; in med., Cubeba officinalis), native in Java and
Borneo, but now cultivated in various tropical countries. The
dried unripe fruit is much used in medicine as a stimulant
and purgative. Euphrasia officinalisEyebright Eye"bright`, n. (Bot.)
A small annual plant (Euphrasia officinalis), formerly much
used as a remedy for diseases of the eye. F officinalisFumitory Fu"mi*to*ry, n. [OE. fumetere, F. fumeterre, prop.,
smoke of the ground, fr. L. fumus smoke + terra earth. See
Fume, and Terrace.] (Bot.)
The common uame of several species of the genus Fumaria,
annual herbs of the Old World, with finely dissected leaves
and small flowers in dense racemes or spikes. F.
officinalis is a common species, and was formerly used as an
antiscorbutic.
Climbing fumitory (Bot.), the Alleghany vine (Adlumia
cirrhosa); a biennial climbing plant with elegant
feathery leaves and large clusters of pretty white or
pinkish flowers looking like grains of rice. Fidicinal
Fidicinal Fi*dic"i*nal, a. [L. fidicinus, fr. fidicen, -inis,
a lute player.] (Mus.)
Of or pertaining to a stringed instrument.
Fumaria officinalisFumaric Fu*mar"ic, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, fumitory (Fumaria
officinalis).
Fumaric acid (Chem.), a widely occurring organic acid,
exttracted from fumitory as a white crystallline
substance, C2H2(CO2H)2, and produced artificially in
many ways, as by the distillation of malic acid; boletic
acid. It is found also in the lichen, Iceland moss, and
hence was also called lichenic acid. Galipea cusparia or officinalisAngostura bark An`gos*tu"ra bark`
([aum][ng]`g[o^]s*t[=oo]"r[.a] b[aum]rk`). [From Angostura,
in Venezuela.]
An aromatic bark used as a tonic, obtained from a South
American of the rue family (Galipea cusparia, or
officinalis). --U. S. Disp. Gratiola officinalisGratiolin Gra*ti"o*lin, n. (Chem.)
One of the essential principles of the hedge hyssop
(Gratiola officinalis). Hirudo medicinalisused in medicine, as Hirudo medicinalis of Europe, and allied
species.
Note: In the mouth of bloodsucking leeches are three
convergent, serrated jaws, moved by strong muscles. By
the motion of these jaws a stellate incision is made in
the skin, through which the leech sucks blood till it
is gorged, and then drops off. The stomach has large
pouches on each side to hold the blood. The common
large bloodsucking leech of America (Macrobdella
decora) is dark olive above, and red below, with black
spots. Many kinds of leeches are parasitic on fishes;
others feed upon worms and mollusks, and have no jaws
for drawing blood. See Bdelloidea. Hirudinea, and
Clepsine.
3. (Surg.) A glass tube of peculiar construction, adapted for
drawing blood from a scarified part by means of a vacuum.
Horse leech, a less powerful European leech (H[ae]mopis
vorax), commonly attacking the membrane that lines the
inside of the mouth and nostrils of animals that drink at
pools where it lives. Hirudo medicinalisBloodsucker Blood"suck`er, n.
1. (Zo["o]l.) Any animal that sucks blood; esp., the leech
(Hirudo medicinalis), and related species.
2. One who sheds blood; a cruel, bloodthirsty man; one guilty
of bloodshed; a murderer. [Obs.] --Shak.
3. A hard and exacting master, landlord, or money lender; an
extortioner. Hyssopus officinalisHyssop Hys"sop, n. [OE. hysope, ysope, OF. ysope, F. hysope,
hyssope, L. hysopum, hyssopum, hyssopus, Gr. ?, ?, an
aromatic plant, fr. Heb. [=e]sov.]
A plant (Hyssopus officinalis). The leaves have an aromatic
smell, and a warm, pungent taste.
Note: The hyssop of Scripture is supposed to be a species of
caper (Capparis spinosa), but probably the name was
used for several different plants. Internecinal
Interneciary In`ter*ne"cia*ry, Internecinal
In`ter*ne"ci*nal, a.
Internecine.
J officinaleJasmine Jas"mine, n. [F. jasmin, Sp. jazmin, Ar. y[=a]sm[=i]n,
Pers. y[=a]sm[=i]n; cf. It. gesmino, gelsomino. Cf.
Jessamine.] (Bot.)
A shrubby plant of the genus Jasminum, bearing flowers of a
peculiarly fragrant odor. The J. officinale, common in the
south of Europe, bears white flowers. The Arabian jasmine is
J. Sambac, and, with J. angustifolia, comes from the East
Indies. The yellow false jasmine in the Gelseminum
sempervirens (see Gelsemium). Several other plants are
called jasmine in the West Indies, as species of Calotropis
and Faramea. [Written also jessamine.]
Cape jasmine, or Cape jessamine, the Gardenia florida,
a shrub with fragrant white flowers, a native of China,
and hardy in the Southern United States. Lappa officinalisBurdock Bur"dock, n. [Bur + dock the plant.] (Bot.)
A genus of coarse biennial herbs (Lappa), bearing small
burs which adhere tenaciously to clothes, or to the fur or
wool of animals.
Note: The common burdock is the Lappa officinalis. Levisticum officinaleLovage Lov"age, n. [F. liv[`e]che, fr. L. levisticum,
ligusticum, a plant indigenous to Liguria, lovage, from
Ligusticus Ligustine, Ligurian, Liguria a country of
Cisalpine Gaul.] (Bot.)
An umbelliferous plant (Levisticum officinale), sometimes
used in medicine as an aromatic stimulant. Medicinally
Medicinally Me*dic"i*nal*ly, adv.
In a medicinal manner.
Melissa officinalisMelissa Me*lis"sa, n. [NL., fr. Gr. me`lissa a bee, honey.]
(Bot.)
A genus of labiate herbs, including the balm, or bee balm
(Melissa officinalis). Nasturtium officinaleWater cress Wa"ter cress` (Bot.)
A perennial cruciferous herb (Nasturtium officinale)
growing usually in clear running or spring water. The leaves
are pungent, and used for salad and as an antiscorbutic. Nasturtium officinaleCress Cress (kr[e^]s), n.; pl. Cresses (kr[e^]s"[e^]z). [OE.
ces, cresse, kers, kerse, AS. cresse, cerse; akin to D. kers,
G. kresse, Dan. karse, Sw. krasse, and possibly also to OHG.
chresan to creep.] (Bot.)
A plant of various species, chiefly cruciferous. The leaves
have a moderately pungent taste, and are used as a salad and
antiscorbutic.
Note: The garden cress, called also peppergrass, is the
Lepidium sativum; the water cress is the Nasturtium
officinale. Various other plants are sometimes called
cresses.
To strip the brook with mantling cresses spread.
--Goldsmith.
Bitter cress. See under Bitter.
Not worth a cress, or ``not worth a kers.' a common old
proverb, now turned into the meaningless ``not worth a
curse.' --Skeat.
Meaning of Cinal from wikipedia
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