Definition of Cillus. Meaning of Cillus. Synonyms of Cillus
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Definition of Cillus
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Bacillus Bacillus Ba*cil"lus, n.; pl. Bacilli. [NL., for L. bacillum.
See Bacillarle.] (Biol.)
A variety of bacterium; a microscopic, rod-shaped vegetable
organism.
Bacillus amylobacter Amylobacter Am`y*lo*bac"ter, n. [L. amylum starch + NL.
bacterium. See Bacterium.] (Biol.)
A micro["o]rganism (Bacillus amylobacter) which develops in
vegetable tissue during putrefaction. --Sternberg.
Bacillus anthracis Anthrax An"thrax, n. [L., fr. Gr. ? coal, carbuncle.]
1. (Med.)
(a) A carbuncle.
(b) A malignant pustule.
2. (Biol.) A microscopic, bacterial organism (Bacillus
anthracis), resembling transparent rods. [See Illust.
under Bacillus.]
3. An infectious disease of cattle and sheep. It is ascribed
to the presence of a rod-shaped bacterium (Bacillus
anthracis), the spores of which constitute the contagious
matter. It may be transmitted to man by inoculation. The
spleen becomes greatly enlarged and filled with bacteria.
Called also splenic fever.
Bacillus anthracis Anthrax An"thrax, n. [L., fr. Gr. ? coal, carbuncle.]
1. (Med.)
(a) A carbuncle.
(b) A malignant pustule.
2. (Biol.) A microscopic, bacterial organism (Bacillus
anthracis), resembling transparent rods. [See Illust.
under Bacillus.]
3. An infectious disease of cattle and sheep. It is ascribed
to the presence of a rod-shaped bacterium (Bacillus
anthracis), the spores of which constitute the contagious
matter. It may be transmitted to man by inoculation. The
spleen becomes greatly enlarged and filled with bacteria.
Called also splenic fever.
Bacillus pyocyaneus Pyocyanin Py`o*cy"a*nin, n. [Gr. ? pus + ? dark blue.]
(Physiol. (Chem.)
A blue coloring matter found in the pus from old sores,
supposed to be formed through the agency of a species of
bacterium (Bacillus pyocyaneus).
Bacillus subtilis 2. A state of agitation or excitement, as of the intellect or
the feelings.
It puts the soul to fermentation and activity.
--Jer. Taylor.
A univesal fermentation of human thought and faith.
--C. Kingsley.
Acetous, or Acetic, fermentation, a form of oxidation in
which alcohol is converted into vinegar or acetic acid by
the agency of a specific fungus or ferment (Mycoderma
aceti). The process involves two distinct reactions, in
which the oxygen of the air is essential. An intermediate
product, aldehyde, is formed in the first process. 1.
C2H6O + O = H2O + C2H4O
Note: Alcohol. Water. Aldehyde. 2. C2H4O + O = C2H4O2
Note: Aldehyde. Acetic acid.
Alcoholic fermentation, the fermentation which saccharine
bodies undergo when brought in contact with the yeast
plant or Torula. The sugar is converted, either directly
or indirectly, into alcohol and carbonic acid, the rate of
action being dependent on the rapidity with which the
Torul[ae] develop.
Ammoniacal fermentation, the conversion of the urea of the
urine into ammonium carbonate, through the growth of the
special urea ferment. CON2H4 + 2H2O = (NH4)2CO3
Note: Urea. Water. Ammonium carbonate.
Note: Whenever urine is exposed to the air in open vessels
for several days it undergoes this alkaline
fermentation.
Butyric fermentation, the decomposition of various forms of
organic matter, through the agency of a peculiar
worm-shaped vibrio, with formation of more or less butyric
acid. It is one of the many forms of fermentation that
collectively constitute putrefaction. See Lactic
fermentation.
Fermentation by anunorganized ferment or enzyme.
Fermentations of this class are purely chemical reactions,
in which the ferment acts as a simple catalytic agent. Of
this nature are the decomposition or inversion of cane
sugar into levulose and dextrose by boiling with dilute
acids, the conversion of starch into dextrin and sugar by
similar treatment, the conversion of starch into like
products by the action of diastase of malt or ptyalin of
saliva, the conversion of albuminous food into peptones
and other like products by the action of
pepsin-hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice or by the
ferment of the pancreatic juice.
Fermentation theory of disease (Biol. & Med.), the theory
that most if not all, infectious or zymotic disease are
caused by the introduction into the organism of the living
germs of ferments, or ferments already developed
(organized ferments), by which processes of fermentation
are set up injurious to health. See Germ theory.
Glycerin fermentation, the fermentation which occurs on
mixing a dilute solution of glycerin with a peculiar
species of schizomycetes and some carbonate of lime, and
other matter favorable to the growth of the plant, the
glycerin being changed into butyric acid, caproic acid,
butyl, and ethyl alcohol. With another form of bacterium
(Bacillus subtilis) ethyl alcohol and butyric acid are
mainly formed.
Lactic fermentation, the transformation of milk sugar or
other saccharine body into lactic acid, as in the souring
of milk, through the agency of a special bacterium
(Bacterium lactis of Lister). In this change the milk
sugar, before assuming the form of lactic acid, presumably
passes through the stage of glucose. C12H22O11.H2O =
4C3H6O3
Note: Hydrated milk sugar. Lactic acid.
Note: In the lactic fermentation of dextrose or glucose, the
lactic acid which is formed is very prone to undergo
butyric fermentation after the manner indicated in the
following equation: 2C3H6O3 (lactic acid) = C4H8O2
(butyric acid) + 2CO2 (carbonic acid) + 2H2 (hydrogen
gas).
Putrefactive fermentation. See Putrefaction.
Bacillus tuberculosis Tubercle Tu"ber*cle, n. [L. tuberculum, dim. of tuber: cf. F.
tubercule, OF. also tubercle. See Tuber.]
1. A small knoblike prominence or excrescence, whether
natural or morbid; as, a tubercle on a plant; a tubercle
on a bone; the tubercles appearing on the body in leprosy.
2. (Med.) A small mass or aggregation of morbid matter;
especially, the deposit which accompanies scrofula or
phthisis. This is composed of a hard, grayish, or
yellowish, translucent or opaque matter, which gradually
softens, and excites suppuration in its vicinity. It is
most frequently found in the lungs, causing consumption.
Tubercle bacillus (Med.), a minute vegetable organism
(Bacillus tuberculosis) discovered by Koch, a German
physician, in the sputum of consumptive patients and in
tuberculous tissue, and believed to be the exciting cause
of tubercles and tuberculosis.
Cholera bacillus Cholera Chol"er*a, n. [L., a bilious disease. See Choler.]
(Med.)
One of several diseases affecting the digestive and
intestinal tract and more or less dangerous to life, esp. the
one commonly called Asiatic cholera.
Asiatic cholera, a malignant and rapidly fatal disease,
originating in Asia and frequently epidemic in the more
filthy sections of other lands, to which the germ or
specific poison may have been carried. It is characterized
by diarrhea, rice-water evacuations, vomiting, cramps,
pinched expression, and lividity, rapidly passing into a
state of collapse, followed by death, or by a stage of
reaction of fever.
Cholera bacillus. See Comma bacillus.
Cholera infantum, a dangerous summer disease, of infants,
caused by hot weather, bad air, or poor milk, and
especially fatal in large cities.
Cholera morbus, a disease characterized by vomiting and
purging, with gripings and cramps, usually caused by
imprudence in diet or by gastrointestinal disturbance.
Chicken cholera. See under Chicken.
Hog cholera. See under Hog.
Sporadic cholera, a disease somewhat resembling the Asiatic
cholera, but originating where it occurs, and rarely
becoming epidemic.
cholera bacillus Comma Com"ma, n. [L. comma part of a sentence, comma, Gr. ?
clause, fr. ? to cut off. Cf. Capon.]
1. A character or point [,] marking the smallest divisions of
a sentence, written or printed.
2. (Mus.) A small interval (the difference between a major
and minor half step), seldom used except by tuners.
Comma bacillus (Physiol.), a variety of bacillus shaped
like a comma, found in the intestines of patients
suffering from cholera. It is considered by some as having
a special relation to the disease; -- called also cholera
bacillus.
Comma butterfly (Zo["o]l.), an American butterfly (Grapta
comma), having a white comma-shaped marking on the under
side of the wings.
Comma bacillus Comma Com"ma, n. [L. comma part of a sentence, comma, Gr. ?
clause, fr. ? to cut off. Cf. Capon.]
1. A character or point [,] marking the smallest divisions of
a sentence, written or printed.
2. (Mus.) A small interval (the difference between a major
and minor half step), seldom used except by tuners.
Comma bacillus (Physiol.), a variety of bacillus shaped
like a comma, found in the intestines of patients
suffering from cholera. It is considered by some as having
a special relation to the disease; -- called also cholera
bacillus.
Comma butterfly (Zo["o]l.), an American butterfly (Grapta
comma), having a white comma-shaped marking on the under
side of the wings.
Tubercle bacillus Tubercle Tu"ber*cle, n. [L. tuberculum, dim. of tuber: cf. F.
tubercule, OF. also tubercle. See Tuber.]
1. A small knoblike prominence or excrescence, whether
natural or morbid; as, a tubercle on a plant; a tubercle
on a bone; the tubercles appearing on the body in leprosy.
2. (Med.) A small mass or aggregation of morbid matter;
especially, the deposit which accompanies scrofula or
phthisis. This is composed of a hard, grayish, or
yellowish, translucent or opaque matter, which gradually
softens, and excites suppuration in its vicinity. It is
most frequently found in the lungs, causing consumption.
Tubercle bacillus (Med.), a minute vegetable organism
(Bacillus tuberculosis) discovered by Koch, a German
physician, in the sputum of consumptive patients and in
tuberculous tissue, and believed to be the exciting cause
of tubercles and tuberculosis.
Verticillus Verticillus Ver`ti*cil"lus, n. [L., a whirl.] (Bot.)
A whorl; a verticil.
