-
caliphates were
polities based on
Islam which developed into multi-ethnic trans-national empires.
During the
medieval period,
three major caliphates succeeded...
- ISBN 978-1-134-53113-4. Kennedy, Hugh N. (2004). The
Prophet and the Age of the
Caliphates: The
Islamic Near East from the
Sixth to the
Eleventh Century (2nd ed...
- AD 643/23 AH.
After 661, a
series of
judges served in
Egypt during the
caliphates of
Hisham and
Walid II. The
Diwan of Umar, ****igning
annuities to all...
- The
Ottoman Caliphate (Ottoman Turkish: خلافت مقامى, romanized: hilâfet makamı, lit. 'office of the
caliphate') was the
claim of the
heads of the Turkish...
- widely-recognised
caliphates have
existed in
various forms for most of
Islamic history. The
first caliphate, the
Rashidun Caliphate, was
ruled by the...
- its
original military forces. The Shi'a
opposed the
Umayyad and
Abbasid caliphates, whom they
considered usurpers. Instead, they
believed in the exclusive...
- religion,
which it
believes corrupts its
original spirit. It
condemns later caliphates and the
Ottoman Empire for
deviating from what it
calls pure
Islam and...
-
recognize the
caliphates of the
first three caliphs before Ali ibn Abi
Talib while distinguishing Imamate as a
separate office apart from the
Caliphate: In the...
- The
Sokoto Caliphate (Arabic: دولة الخلافة في بلاد السودان, literally:
Caliphate in the
Lands of Sudan), also
known as the
Sultanate of Sokoto, was a...
- The
Emirate of Córdoba, and from 929, the
Caliphate of Córdoba, was an Arab
Islamic state ruled by the
Umayyad dynasty from 756 to 1031. Its territory...
