-
Leiopelmatidae are
primitive to
almost all
other frogs in
having nine
amphicoelous vertebrae and a
caudalipuboischiotibialis tail-wagging
muscle in adults...
-
compressive forces.
Amphicoelous vertebra have
centra with both ends concave. This
shape is
common in fish,
where most
motion is limited.
Amphicoelous centra often...
- for the hindlimb, was
relatively unimportant. The tail
vertebrae were
amphicoelous, the
vertebral bodies on both ends
being concave.
Early species had long...
-
which had as few as
eleven cervical vertebrae. With
early forms, the
amphicoelous or
amphiplat neck
vertebrae bore double-headed neck ribs;
later forms...
- part of the body. The
caudal vertebrae had
centra that were
slightly amphicoelous,
meaning they were
concave on both sides. A
prominent feature of Ankylosaurus...
- non-titanosaurid
material because of the
presence of both
procoelous and
amphicoelous caudals. Huene's
species Titanosaurus lydekkeri was left as a
nomen dubium...
- tail-wagging muscles,
cartilaginous inscriptional ribs, the
presence of
amphicoelous vertebrae, and nine
presachral vertebrae (most
frogs have eight). In...
-
vertebra is well preserved. As in Giraffatitan, this
vertebra was
slightly amphicoelous (concave on both ends),
lacked openings on the sides, and had a short...
-
crocodiles may have. The
tuatara spine is made up of hourgl****-shaped
amphicoelous vertebrae,
concave both
before and behind. This is the
usual condition...
- into
pleurocentra and intercentra. All
members of
Stereospondyli had
amphicoelous centra composed only of the intercentra. Cope
objected to von Zittel's...
