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Abstracter
Abstracter Ab*stract"er, n.
One who abstracts, or makes an abstract.
AmylobacterAmylobacter Am`y*lo*bac"ter, n. [L. amylum starch + NL.
bacterium. See Bacterium.] (Biol.)
A micro["o]rganism (Bacillus amylobacter) which develops in
vegetable tissue during putrefaction. --Sternberg. Antibacterial
Antibacterial An`ti*bac*te"ri*al, a. (Med.)
(a) Inimical to bacteria; -- applied esp. to serum for
protection against bacterial diseases.
(b) Opposed to the bacterial theory of disease.
Arrowheaded charactersArrowheaded Ar"row*head`ed, a.
Shaped like the head of an arrow; cuneiform.
Arrowheaded characters, characters the elements of which
consist of strokes resembling arrowheads, nailheads, or
wedges; -- hence called also nail-headed, wedge-formed,
cuneiform, or cuneatic characters; the oldest written
characters used in the country about the Tigris and
Euphrates, and subsequently in Persia, and abounding among
the ruins of Persepolis, Nineveh, and Babylon. See
Cuneiform. Attracter
Attracter At*tract"er, n.
One who, or that which, attracts.
Bacillus amylobacterAmylobacter Am`y*lo*bac"ter, n. [L. amylum starch + NL.
bacterium. See Bacterium.] (Biol.)
A micro["o]rganism (Bacillus amylobacter) which develops in
vegetable tissue during putrefaction. --Sternberg. BacteriaBacteria Bac*te"ri*a, n.p.
See Bacterium. Bacterial
Bacterial Bac*te"ri*al, a. (Biol.)
Of or pertaining to bacteria.
Bactericidal
Bactericidal Bac*te"ri*ci`dal, a.
Destructive of bacteria.
BactericideBactericide Bac*te"ri*cide (b[a^]k*t[=e]"r[i^]*s[imac]d), n.
[Bacterium + L. caedere to kill] (Biol.)
Same as Germicide. Bacterin
Bacterin Bac"te*rin, n. (Med.)
A bacterial vaccine.
Bacteriological
Bacteriological Bac*te"ri*o*log`ic*al
(b[a^]k*t[=e]`r[i^]*[-o]*l[o^]j"[i^]*kal), a.
Of or pertaining to bacteriology; as, bacteriological
studies.
Bacteriologist
Bacteriologist Bac*te"ri*ol`o*gist, n.
One skilled in bacteriology.
Bacteriology
Bacteriology Bac*te"ri*ol`o*gy, n. [Bacterium + -logy. ]
(Biol.)
The science relating to bacteria.
BacteriolysisBacteriolysis Bac*te`ri*ol"y*sis, n. [NL.; fr. Gr. ?, ?, a
staff + ? a loosing.]
1. Chemical decomposition brought about by bacteria without
the addition of oxygen.
2. The destruction or dissolution of bacterial cells. --
Bac*te`ri*o*lyt"ic, a. BacteriolyticBacteriolysis Bac*te`ri*ol"y*sis, n. [NL.; fr. Gr. ?, ?, a
staff + ? a loosing.]
1. Chemical decomposition brought about by bacteria without
the addition of oxygen.
2. The destruction or dissolution of bacterial cells. --
Bac*te`ri*o*lyt"ic, a. Bacterioscopic
Bacterioscopic Bac*te`ri*o*scop"ic, a. (Biol.)
Relating to bacterioscopy; as, a bacterioscopic examination.
Bacterioscopist
Bacterioscopist Bac*te`ri*os"co*pist, n. (Biol.)
One skilled in bacterioscopic examinations.
Bacterioscopy
Bacterioscopy Bac*te`ri*os"co*py (-[o^]s"k[-o]*p[y^]), n.
[Bacterium + -scopy ] (Biol.)
The application of a knowledge of bacteria for their
detection and identification, as in the examination of
polluted water.
Bacterium anthracisAnthrax vaccine An"thrax vac"cine (Veter.)
A fluid vaccine obtained by growing a bacterium (Bacterium
anthracis) in beef broth. It is used to immunize animals,
esp. cattle. Bacterium lacticum or lactisLactic Lac"tic, a. [L. lac, lactis, milk: cf. F. lactique. See
Lacteal, and cf. Galactic.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Of or pertaining to milk; procured from sour milk or whey;
as, lactic acid; lactic fermentation, etc.
Lactic acid (Physiol. Chem.), a sirupy, colorless fluid,
soluble in water, with an intensely sour taste and strong
acid reaction. There are at least three isomeric
modifications all having the formula C3H6O3. Sarcolactic
or paralactic acid occurs chiefly in dead muscle tissue,
while ordinary lactic acid results from fermentation. The
two acids are alike in having the same constitution
(expressed by the name ethylidene lactic acid), but the
latter is optically inactive, while sarcolactic acid
rotates the plane of polarization to the right. The third
acid, ethylene lactic acid, accompanies sarcolactic acid
in the juice of flesh, and is optically inactive.
Lactic ferment, an organized ferment (Bacterium lacticum
or lactis), which produces lactic fermentation,
decomposing the sugar of milk into carbonic and lactic
acids, the latter, of which renders the milk sour, and
precipitates the casein, thus giving rise to the so-called
spontaneous coagulation of milk.
Lactic fermentation. See under Fermentation. Bacterium lactisZymogenic ym`o*gen"ic, a. (Biol.)
(a) Pertaining to, or formed by, a zymogene.
(b) Capable of producing a definite zymogen or ferment.
Zymogenic organism (Biol.), a micro["o]rganism, such as the
yeast plant of the Bacterium lactis, which sets up
certain fermentative processes by which definite chemical
products are formed; -- distinguished from a pathogenic
organism. Cf. Micrococcus. Bacterium lactis 2. A state of agitation or excitement, as of the intellect or
the feelings.
It puts the soul to fermentation and activity.
--Jer. Taylor.
A univesal fermentation of human thought and faith.
--C. Kingsley.
Acetous, or Acetic, fermentation, a form of oxidation in
which alcohol is converted into vinegar or acetic acid by
the agency of a specific fungus or ferment (Mycoderma
aceti). The process involves two distinct reactions, in
which the oxygen of the air is essential. An intermediate
product, aldehyde, is formed in the first process. 1.
C2H6O + O = H2O + C2H4O
Note: Alcohol. Water. Aldehyde. 2. C2H4O + O = C2H4O2
Note: Aldehyde. Acetic acid.
Alcoholic fermentation, the fermentation which saccharine
bodies undergo when brought in contact with the yeast
plant or Torula. The sugar is converted, either directly
or indirectly, into alcohol and carbonic acid, the rate of
action being dependent on the rapidity with which the
Torul[ae] develop.
Ammoniacal fermentation, the conversion of the urea of the
urine into ammonium carbonate, through the growth of the
special urea ferment. CON2H4 + 2H2O = (NH4)2CO3
Note: Urea. Water. Ammonium carbonate.
Note: Whenever urine is exposed to the air in open vessels
for several days it undergoes this alkaline
fermentation.
Butyric fermentation, the decomposition of various forms of
organic matter, through the agency of a peculiar
worm-shaped vibrio, with formation of more or less butyric
acid. It is one of the many forms of fermentation that
collectively constitute putrefaction. See Lactic
fermentation.
Fermentation by an unorganized ferment or enzyme.
Fermentations of this class are purely chemical reactions,
in which the ferment acts as a simple catalytic agent. Of
this nature are the decomposition or inversion of cane
sugar into levulose and dextrose by boiling with dilute
acids, the conversion of starch into dextrin and sugar by
similar treatment, the conversion of starch into like
products by the action of diastase of malt or ptyalin of
saliva, the conversion of albuminous food into peptones
and other like products by the action of
pepsin-hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice or by the
ferment of the pancreatic juice.
Fermentation theory of disease (Biol. & Med.), the theory
that most if not all, infectious or zymotic disease are
caused by the introduction into the organism of the living
germs of ferments, or ferments already developed
(organized ferments), by which processes of fermentation
are set up injurious to health. See Germ theory.
Glycerin fermentation, the fermentation which occurs on
mixing a dilute solution of glycerin with a peculiar
species of schizomycetes and some carbonate of lime, and
other matter favorable to the growth of the plant, the
glycerin being changed into butyric acid, caproic acid,
butyl, and ethyl alcohol. With another form of bacterium
(Bacillus subtilis) ethyl alcohol and butyric acid are
mainly formed.
Lactic fermentation, the transformation of milk sugar or
other saccharine body into lactic acid, as in the souring
of milk, through the agency of a special bacterium
(Bacterium lactis of Lister). In this change the milk
sugar, before assuming the form of lactic acid, presumably
passes through the stage of glucose. C12H22O11.H2O =
4C3H6O3
Note: Hydrated milk sugar. Lactic acid.
Note: In the lactic fermentation of dextrose or glucose, the
lactic acid which is formed is very prone to undergo
butyric fermentation after the manner indicated in the
following equation: 2C3H6O3 (lactic acid) = C4H8O2
(butyric acid) + 2CO2 (carbonic acid) + 2H2 (hydrogen
gas).
Putrefactive fermentation. See Putrefaction. Bacterium ureaeUrea U"re*a, a. [NL. See Urine.] (Physiol. Chem.)
A very soluble crystalline body which is the chief
constituent of the urine in mammals and some other animals.
It is also present in small quantity in blood, serous fluids,
lymph, the liver, etc.
Note: It is the main product of the regressive metamorphosis
(katabolism) of proteid matter in the body, and is
excreted daily to the amount of about 500 grains by a
man of average weight. Chemically it is carbamide,
CO(NH2)2, and when heated with strong acids or
alkalies is decomposed into carbonic acid and ammonia.
It unites with acids to form salts, as nitrate of urea,
and it can be made synthetically from ammonium cyanate,
with which it is isomeric.
Urea ferment, a soluble ferment formed by certain bacteria,
which, however, yield the ferment from the body of their
cells only after they have been killed by alcohol. It
causes urea to take up water and decompose into carbonic
acid and ammonia. Many different bacteria possess this
property, especially Bacterium ure[ae] and Micrococcus
ure[ae], which are found abundantly in urines undergoing
alkaline fermentation. Bacteroid
Bacteroid Bac"te*roid, Bacteroidal Bac`te*roid"al, a.
[Bacterium + -oid.] (Biol.)
Resembling bacteria; as, bacteroid particles.
Bacteroidal
Bacteroid Bac"te*roid, Bacteroidal Bac`te*roid"al, a.
[Bacterium + -oid.] (Biol.)
Resembling bacteria; as, bacteroid particles.
characterSuch Such, a. [OE. such, sich, sech, sik, swich, swilch,
swulch, swilc, swulc, AS. swelc, swilc, swylc; akin to
OFries. selik, D. zulk, OS. sulic, OHG. sulih, solih, G.
solch, Icel. sl[=i]kr, OSw. salik, Sw. slik, Dan. slig, Goth.
swaleiks; originally meaning, so shaped. [root]192. See So,
Like, a., and cf. Which.]
1. Of that kind; of the like kind; like; resembling; similar;
as, we never saw such a day; -- followed by that or as
introducing the word or proposition which defines the
similarity, or the standard of comparison; as, the books
are not such that I can recommend them, or, not such as I
can recommend; these apples are not such as those we saw
yesterday; give your children such precepts as tend to
make them better.
And in his time such a conqueror That greater was
there none under the sun. --Chaucer.
His misery was such that none of the bystanders
could refrain from weeping. --Macaulay.
Note: The indefinite article a or an never precedes such, but
is placed between it and the noun to which it refers;
as, such a man; such an honor. The indefinite adjective
some, several, one, few, many, all, etc., precede such;
as, one such book is enough; all such people ought to
be avoided; few such ideas were then held.
2. Having the particular quality or character specified.
That thou art happy, owe to God; That thou
continuest such, owe to thyself. --Milton.
3. The same that; -- with as; as, this was the state of the
kingdom at such time as the enemy landed. ``[It] hath such
senses as we have.' --Shak.
4. Certain; -- representing the object as already
particularized in terms which are not mentioned.
In rushed one and tells him such a knight Is new
arrived. --Daniel.
To-day or to-morrow we will go into such a city, and
continue there a year. --James iv.
13.
Note: Such is used pronominally. ``He was the father of such
as dwell in tents.' --Gen. iv. 20. ``Such as I are
free in spirit when our limbs are chained.' --Sir W.
Scott. Such is also used before adjectives joined to
substantives; as, the fleet encountered such a terrible
storm that it put back. ``Everything was managed with
so much care, and such excellent order was observed.'
--De Foe.
Temple sprung from a family which . . . long
after his death produced so many eminent men, and
formed such distinguished alliances, that, etc.
--Macaulay.
Such is used emphatically, without the correlative.
Now will he be mocking: I shall have such a life.
--Shak.
Such was formerly used with numerals in the sense of
times as much or as many; as, such ten, or ten times as
many.
Such and such, or Such or such, certain; some; -- used to
represent the object indefinitely, as already
particularized in one way or another, or as being of one
kind or another. ``In such and such a place shall be my
camp.' --2 Kings vi. 8. ``Sovereign authority may enact a
law commanding such and such an action.' --South.
Such like or character, of the like kind.
And many other such like things ye do. --Mark vii.
8.
Meaning of Acter from wikipedia
- dans le monde. (in French).
Retrieved 2021-09-18. "L'Olympique de Safi va
acter la séparation avec son entraîneur A. Sektioui". Le360
Sport (in French)...
- Look up
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